A Novel Adaptive Modulation Based on Nondata-Aided Error Vector Magnitude in Non-Line-Of-Sight Condition of Wireless Sensor Network
The high demand for multimedia applications in environmental monitoring, invasion detection, and disaster aid has led to the rise of wireless sensor network (WSN). With the increase of reliability and diversity of information streams, the higher requirements on throughput and quality of service (QoS...
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MDPI AG
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/1/229 |
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doaj-83d0ff789e754fd5854241dde03ea4212020-11-24T23:06:40ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202018-01-0118122910.3390/s18010229s18010229A Novel Adaptive Modulation Based on Nondata-Aided Error Vector Magnitude in Non-Line-Of-Sight Condition of Wireless Sensor NetworkFan Yang0Xiaoping Zeng1Haiwei Mao2Xin Jian3Xiaoheng Tan4Derong Du5College of Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaCollege of Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaCollege of Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaCollege of Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaCollege of Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaCollege of Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaThe high demand for multimedia applications in environmental monitoring, invasion detection, and disaster aid has led to the rise of wireless sensor network (WSN). With the increase of reliability and diversity of information streams, the higher requirements on throughput and quality of service (QoS) have been put forward in data transmission between two sensor nodes. However, lower spectral efficiency becomes a bottleneck in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) transmission of WSN. This paper proposes a novel nondata-aided error vector magnitude based adaptive modulation (NDA-EVM-AM) to solve the problem. NDA-EVM is considered as a new metric to evaluate the quality of NLOS link for adaptive modulation in WSN. By modeling the NLOS scenario as the η − μ fading channel, a closed-form expression for the NDA-EVM of multilevel quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) signals over the η − μ fading channel is derived, and the relationship between SER and NDA-EVM is also formulated. Based on these results, NDA-EVM state machine is designed for adaptation strategy. The algorithmic complexity of NDA-EVM-AM is analyzed and the outage capacity of NDA-EVM-AM in an NLOS scenario is also given. The performances of NDA-EVM-AM are compared by simulation, and the results show that NDA-EVM-AM is an effective technique to be used in the NLOS scenarios of WSN. This technique can accurately reflect the channel variations and efficiently adjust modulation order to better match the channel conditions, hence, obtaining better performance in average spectral efficiency.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/1/229adaptive modulationnondata-aided error vector magnitudenon-line-of-sightη−μ fading channelwireless sensor network |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
English |
| format |
Article |
| sources |
DOAJ |
| author |
Fan Yang Xiaoping Zeng Haiwei Mao Xin Jian Xiaoheng Tan Derong Du |
| spellingShingle |
Fan Yang Xiaoping Zeng Haiwei Mao Xin Jian Xiaoheng Tan Derong Du A Novel Adaptive Modulation Based on Nondata-Aided Error Vector Magnitude in Non-Line-Of-Sight Condition of Wireless Sensor Network Sensors adaptive modulation nondata-aided error vector magnitude non-line-of-sight η−μ fading channel wireless sensor network |
| author_facet |
Fan Yang Xiaoping Zeng Haiwei Mao Xin Jian Xiaoheng Tan Derong Du |
| author_sort |
Fan Yang |
| title |
A Novel Adaptive Modulation Based on Nondata-Aided Error Vector Magnitude in Non-Line-Of-Sight Condition of Wireless Sensor Network |
| title_short |
A Novel Adaptive Modulation Based on Nondata-Aided Error Vector Magnitude in Non-Line-Of-Sight Condition of Wireless Sensor Network |
| title_full |
A Novel Adaptive Modulation Based on Nondata-Aided Error Vector Magnitude in Non-Line-Of-Sight Condition of Wireless Sensor Network |
| title_fullStr |
A Novel Adaptive Modulation Based on Nondata-Aided Error Vector Magnitude in Non-Line-Of-Sight Condition of Wireless Sensor Network |
| title_full_unstemmed |
A Novel Adaptive Modulation Based on Nondata-Aided Error Vector Magnitude in Non-Line-Of-Sight Condition of Wireless Sensor Network |
| title_sort |
novel adaptive modulation based on nondata-aided error vector magnitude in non-line-of-sight condition of wireless sensor network |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| series |
Sensors |
| issn |
1424-8220 |
| publishDate |
2018-01-01 |
| description |
The high demand for multimedia applications in environmental monitoring, invasion detection, and disaster aid has led to the rise of wireless sensor network (WSN). With the increase of reliability and diversity of information streams, the higher requirements on throughput and quality of service (QoS) have been put forward in data transmission between two sensor nodes. However, lower spectral efficiency becomes a bottleneck in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) transmission of WSN. This paper proposes a novel nondata-aided error vector magnitude based adaptive modulation (NDA-EVM-AM) to solve the problem. NDA-EVM is considered as a new metric to evaluate the quality of NLOS link for adaptive modulation in WSN. By modeling the NLOS scenario as the η − μ fading channel, a closed-form expression for the NDA-EVM of multilevel quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) signals over the η − μ fading channel is derived, and the relationship between SER and NDA-EVM is also formulated. Based on these results, NDA-EVM state machine is designed for adaptation strategy. The algorithmic complexity of NDA-EVM-AM is analyzed and the outage capacity of NDA-EVM-AM in an NLOS scenario is also given. The performances of NDA-EVM-AM are compared by simulation, and the results show that NDA-EVM-AM is an effective technique to be used in the NLOS scenarios of WSN. This technique can accurately reflect the channel variations and efficiently adjust modulation order to better match the channel conditions, hence, obtaining better performance in average spectral efficiency. |
| topic |
adaptive modulation nondata-aided error vector magnitude non-line-of-sight η−μ fading channel wireless sensor network |
| url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/1/229 |
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