Behavioral and Psychological Outcomes Associated with Skin Cancer Genetic Testing in Albuquerque Primary Care

• Main Authors: Jennifer L. Hay, Kimberly A. Kaphingst, David Buller, Elizabeth Schofield, Kirsten Meyer White, Andrew Sussman, Dolores Guest, Yvonne T. Dailey, Erika Robers, Matthew R. Schwartz, Yuelin Li, Keith Hunley, Marianne Berwick
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-08-01
• Series: Cancers
• Subjects: genetic testing; sun protection; primary care; Hispanics; skin cancer risk
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/16/4053

Public availability of genetic information is increasing; thus, efforts to improve diversity in basic and translational research in genomics is a top priority. Given the increasing U.S. incidence and mortality of melanoma, and the prevalence of common melanocortin-1 receptor (<i>MC1R)</i> gene melanoma risk variants in the general population, we examined genomic testing of <i>MC1R</i> for skin cancer risk in a randomized controlled trial in Albuquerque, New Mexico primary care. Participants were 48% Hispanic and were randomized 5:1 to a <i>MC1R</i> test invitation or usual care. We assessed 3 month sun protection, skin cancer screening, and skin cancer worry outcomes associated with testing, and key effect moderators (e.g., cancer risk perceptions, and skin cancer risk factors). Our findings indicate that the primary outcomes were unchanged by the <i>MC1R</i> test offer, test acceptance, and level of risk feedback. Moderator analyses showed that those with lower risk perception, and those with skin that readily tans, significantly increased their sun protection in response to higher than average risk feedback. Risk feedback did not prompt cancer worry, and average risk feedback did not erode existing sun protection. This study paves the way for the development of tailored strategies to address low skin cancer risk awareness in this understudied context of public health genomics.