Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.

<h4>Background</h4>In experimental models, hypothalamic inflammation is an early and determining factor in the installation and progression of obesity. Pharmacological and gene-based approaches have proven efficient in restraining inflammation and correcting the obese phenotypes. However...

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Main Authors: Dennys E Cintra, Eduardo R Ropelle, Juliana C Moraes, José R Pauli, Joseane Morari, Claudio T de Souza, Renato Grimaldi, Marcela Stahl, José B Carvalheira, Mario J Saad, Licio A Velloso
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22279596/?tool=EBI
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spelling doaj-7fcd026f9d6741c9b955af38f083f87e2021-03-04T01:09:07ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032012-01-0171e3057110.1371/journal.pone.0030571Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.Dennys E CintraEduardo R RopelleJuliana C MoraesJosé R PauliJoseane MorariClaudio T de SouzaRenato GrimaldiMarcela StahlJosé B CarvalheiraMario J SaadLicio A Velloso<h4>Background</h4>In experimental models, hypothalamic inflammation is an early and determining factor in the installation and progression of obesity. Pharmacological and gene-based approaches have proven efficient in restraining inflammation and correcting the obese phenotypes. However, the role of nutrients in the modulation of hypothalamic inflammation is unknown.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Here we show that, in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity, partial substitution of the fatty acid component of the diet by flax seed oil (rich in C18:3) or olive oil (rich in C18:1) corrects hypothalamic inflammation, hypothalamic and whole body insulin resistance, and body adiposity. In addition, upon icv injection in obese rats, both ω3 and ω9 pure fatty acids reduce spontaneous food intake and body mass gain. These effects are accompanied by the reversal of functional and molecular hypothalamic resistance to leptin/insulin and increased POMC and CART expressions. In addition, both, ω3 and ω9 fatty acids inhibit the AMPK/ACC pathway and increase CPT1 and SCD1 expression in the hypothalamus. Finally, acute hypothalamic injection of ω3 and ω9 fatty acids activate signal transduction through the recently identified GPR120 unsaturated fatty acid receptor.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Unsaturated fatty acids can act either as nutrients or directly in the hypothalamus, reverting diet-induced inflammation and reducing body adiposity. These data show that, in addition to pharmacological and genetic approaches, nutrients can also be attractive candidates for controlling hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22279596/?tool=EBI
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Dennys E Cintra
Eduardo R Ropelle
Juliana C Moraes
José R Pauli
Joseane Morari
Claudio T de Souza
Renato Grimaldi
Marcela Stahl
José B Carvalheira
Mario J Saad
Licio A Velloso
spellingShingle Dennys E Cintra
Eduardo R Ropelle
Juliana C Moraes
José R Pauli
Joseane Morari
Claudio T de Souza
Renato Grimaldi
Marcela Stahl
José B Carvalheira
Mario J Saad
Licio A Velloso
Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
PLoS ONE
author_facet Dennys E Cintra
Eduardo R Ropelle
Juliana C Moraes
José R Pauli
Joseane Morari
Claudio T de Souza
Renato Grimaldi
Marcela Stahl
José B Carvalheira
Mario J Saad
Licio A Velloso
author_sort Dennys E Cintra
title Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
title_short Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
title_full Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
title_fullStr Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
title_full_unstemmed Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
title_sort unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
series PLoS ONE
issn 1932-6203
publishDate 2012-01-01
description <h4>Background</h4>In experimental models, hypothalamic inflammation is an early and determining factor in the installation and progression of obesity. Pharmacological and gene-based approaches have proven efficient in restraining inflammation and correcting the obese phenotypes. However, the role of nutrients in the modulation of hypothalamic inflammation is unknown.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Here we show that, in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity, partial substitution of the fatty acid component of the diet by flax seed oil (rich in C18:3) or olive oil (rich in C18:1) corrects hypothalamic inflammation, hypothalamic and whole body insulin resistance, and body adiposity. In addition, upon icv injection in obese rats, both ω3 and ω9 pure fatty acids reduce spontaneous food intake and body mass gain. These effects are accompanied by the reversal of functional and molecular hypothalamic resistance to leptin/insulin and increased POMC and CART expressions. In addition, both, ω3 and ω9 fatty acids inhibit the AMPK/ACC pathway and increase CPT1 and SCD1 expression in the hypothalamus. Finally, acute hypothalamic injection of ω3 and ω9 fatty acids activate signal transduction through the recently identified GPR120 unsaturated fatty acid receptor.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Unsaturated fatty acids can act either as nutrients or directly in the hypothalamus, reverting diet-induced inflammation and reducing body adiposity. These data show that, in addition to pharmacological and genetic approaches, nutrients can also be attractive candidates for controlling hypothalamic inflammation in obesity.
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22279596/?tool=EBI
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