Feeding and social behavior of the piabanha, Brycon devillei (Castelnau, 1855) (Characidae: Bryconinae) in the wild, with a note on following behavior

Knowledge concerning the behavior of wild freshwater fishes in Brazil is restricted to a few studies, despite such studies being able to answer fundamental questions about conservation. Species of Brycon are amongst the most threatened in the Neotropics, particularly in southeast Brazil, due to anth...

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Main Authors: Pedro G Azevedo, Rafael M. C Melo, Robert J. Young
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia 2011-01-01
Series:Neotropical Ichthyology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252011000400011
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spelling doaj-7eb738cdf68b41fd896d6f2bbd63c8a32020-11-24T20:48:04ZengSociedade Brasileira de IctiologiaNeotropical Ichthyology1679-62251982-02242011-01-0194807814Feeding and social behavior of the piabanha, Brycon devillei (Castelnau, 1855) (Characidae: Bryconinae) in the wild, with a note on following behaviorPedro G AzevedoRafael M. C MeloRobert J. YoungKnowledge concerning the behavior of wild freshwater fishes in Brazil is restricted to a few studies, despite such studies being able to answer fundamental questions about conservation. Species of Brycon are amongst the most threatened in the Neotropics, particularly in southeast Brazil, due to anthropogenic activities in this region. This study investigated the feeding and social behaviors of the endangered fish, Brycon devillei in the Preto River, Jequitinhonha basin, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Behavioral data were collected by snorkeling with four spatially separated groups (habituated), and direct observations of shoals were made using an underwater video camera (a total of 448 hours of observations). This species showed diverse tactics to obtain food. However, the species proved to be predominately a specialist surface-picker, which adopted alternative tactics to find food at certain times of the year, most notably when food items on the water surface became low. Feeding frequency was shown to be negatively correlated to agonistic behavior between conspecifics. Feeding associations were also recorded between the anostomid Leporinus garmani, acting as a nuclear species, and B. devillei, as follower species. The data presented here showed the importance of conserving the riparian environment to protect B. devillei populations. Furthermore, the present study included rare observations of nuclear-follower feeding association among freshwater fishes, especially between medium-sized characiforms, being the first observations of such kind in a Cerrado stream.<br>O conhecimento do comportamento de vida livre em peixes de água doce brasileiros é restrito a poucos estudos e pode responder a questões fundamentais de conservação. Espécies do gênero Brycon estão entre as mais ameaçadas na região neotropical, especialmente no sudeste brasileiro, em vista de diversos impactos antrópicos. O presente estudo investigou os comportamentos alimentar e social de Brycon devillei no rio Preto, bacia do Jequitinhonha, Brasil. Para tanto, utilizou-se seções de mergulhos livres para observação direta de quatro grupos habituados de B. devillei, com o auxílio de câmeras filmadoras subaquáticas. Tal espécie apresentou variadas táticas para obtenção de alimento. Entretanto, a espécie demonstrou ser um forrageador de superfície especializado que, em determinados períodos do ano, quando provavelmente a lâmina d'água torna-se uma fonte escassa de recursos, adota táticas alternativas em busca de alimentos. A frequência de forrageamento demonstrou ser negativamente correlacionada com os comportamentos agonísticos. Foram observadas associações alimentares interespecíficas envolvendo o timburé, Leporinus garmani, como espécie nuclear, e a piabanha, Brycon devillei, como sua seguidora. Os dados apresentados no presente estudo demonstram a importância de se conservar o ambiente ripário em prol da proteção das populações de B. devillei. Além disso, o presente estudo é um dos raros registros de associação alimentar do tipo nuclear-seguidor entre peixes de água doce, especialmente entre espécies de médio porte, e o primeiro deste tipo para riachos de Cerrado.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252011000400011Feeding associationFeeding tacticsJequitinhonha basinNatural historyUnderwater observations
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Pedro G Azevedo
Rafael M. C Melo
Robert J. Young
spellingShingle Pedro G Azevedo
Rafael M. C Melo
Robert J. Young
Feeding and social behavior of the piabanha, Brycon devillei (Castelnau, 1855) (Characidae: Bryconinae) in the wild, with a note on following behavior
Neotropical Ichthyology
Feeding association
Feeding tactics
Jequitinhonha basin
Natural history
Underwater observations
author_facet Pedro G Azevedo
Rafael M. C Melo
Robert J. Young
author_sort Pedro G Azevedo
title Feeding and social behavior of the piabanha, Brycon devillei (Castelnau, 1855) (Characidae: Bryconinae) in the wild, with a note on following behavior
title_short Feeding and social behavior of the piabanha, Brycon devillei (Castelnau, 1855) (Characidae: Bryconinae) in the wild, with a note on following behavior
title_full Feeding and social behavior of the piabanha, Brycon devillei (Castelnau, 1855) (Characidae: Bryconinae) in the wild, with a note on following behavior
title_fullStr Feeding and social behavior of the piabanha, Brycon devillei (Castelnau, 1855) (Characidae: Bryconinae) in the wild, with a note on following behavior
title_full_unstemmed Feeding and social behavior of the piabanha, Brycon devillei (Castelnau, 1855) (Characidae: Bryconinae) in the wild, with a note on following behavior
title_sort feeding and social behavior of the piabanha, brycon devillei (castelnau, 1855) (characidae: bryconinae) in the wild, with a note on following behavior
publisher Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia
series Neotropical Ichthyology
issn 1679-6225
1982-0224
publishDate 2011-01-01
description Knowledge concerning the behavior of wild freshwater fishes in Brazil is restricted to a few studies, despite such studies being able to answer fundamental questions about conservation. Species of Brycon are amongst the most threatened in the Neotropics, particularly in southeast Brazil, due to anthropogenic activities in this region. This study investigated the feeding and social behaviors of the endangered fish, Brycon devillei in the Preto River, Jequitinhonha basin, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Behavioral data were collected by snorkeling with four spatially separated groups (habituated), and direct observations of shoals were made using an underwater video camera (a total of 448 hours of observations). This species showed diverse tactics to obtain food. However, the species proved to be predominately a specialist surface-picker, which adopted alternative tactics to find food at certain times of the year, most notably when food items on the water surface became low. Feeding frequency was shown to be negatively correlated to agonistic behavior between conspecifics. Feeding associations were also recorded between the anostomid Leporinus garmani, acting as a nuclear species, and B. devillei, as follower species. The data presented here showed the importance of conserving the riparian environment to protect B. devillei populations. Furthermore, the present study included rare observations of nuclear-follower feeding association among freshwater fishes, especially between medium-sized characiforms, being the first observations of such kind in a Cerrado stream.<br>O conhecimento do comportamento de vida livre em peixes de água doce brasileiros é restrito a poucos estudos e pode responder a questões fundamentais de conservação. Espécies do gênero Brycon estão entre as mais ameaçadas na região neotropical, especialmente no sudeste brasileiro, em vista de diversos impactos antrópicos. O presente estudo investigou os comportamentos alimentar e social de Brycon devillei no rio Preto, bacia do Jequitinhonha, Brasil. Para tanto, utilizou-se seções de mergulhos livres para observação direta de quatro grupos habituados de B. devillei, com o auxílio de câmeras filmadoras subaquáticas. Tal espécie apresentou variadas táticas para obtenção de alimento. Entretanto, a espécie demonstrou ser um forrageador de superfície especializado que, em determinados períodos do ano, quando provavelmente a lâmina d'água torna-se uma fonte escassa de recursos, adota táticas alternativas em busca de alimentos. A frequência de forrageamento demonstrou ser negativamente correlacionada com os comportamentos agonísticos. Foram observadas associações alimentares interespecíficas envolvendo o timburé, Leporinus garmani, como espécie nuclear, e a piabanha, Brycon devillei, como sua seguidora. Os dados apresentados no presente estudo demonstram a importância de se conservar o ambiente ripário em prol da proteção das populações de B. devillei. Além disso, o presente estudo é um dos raros registros de associação alimentar do tipo nuclear-seguidor entre peixes de água doce, especialmente entre espécies de médio porte, e o primeiro deste tipo para riachos de Cerrado.
topic Feeding association
Feeding tactics
Jequitinhonha basin
Natural history
Underwater observations
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252011000400011
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