Profil Pigmen Polar dan Non Polar Mikroalga Laut Spirulina sp. dan Potensinya sebagai Pewarna Alami (Profile of Polar and Non-Polar Pigment from Marine Microalgae Spirulina sp. and Their Potential as Natural Coloring)

• Main Authors: Sri Sedjati, Ervia Yudiati, Suryono Suryono
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Diponegoro University; Association of Indonesian Coastal Management Experts 2012-09-01
• Series: Ilmu Kelautan
• Online Access: https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ijms/article/view/4696
• ISSN: 0853-7291; 2406-7598

Penelitian pigmen Spirulina sp. dilakukan untuk menentukan kandungan pigmen polar dan non polar dari Spirulina sp. dengan metode Spektroskopi UV-Vis. Pigmen polar diekstraksi dengan menggunakan larutan buffer fosfat (NaOH-KH2PO4) pH 7, sedangkan pigmen non polar diekstraksi dengan menggunakan aseton murni. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pigmen polar berwarna biru dan kadarnya adalah sebesar 42,272±0,05 mg/g (berat kering), pigmen ini terdiri dari fikosianin (29,159±0,29 mg/g), allofikosianin (9,363±0,20 mg/g), dan fikoeritrin (3,750±0,09 mg/g). Warna pigmen non polar adalah hijau terang dan kadarnya sebesar 4,498±0,06 mg/g (berat kering), pigmen ini terdiri dari klorofil a (3,349±0,03 mg/g) dan karotenoids (1,158±0,03 mg/g). Ekstrak pigmen polar Spirulina sp. kadarnya lebih tinggi dibanding pigmen non polarnya. Pigmen fikosianin berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan aditif pewarna biru alami, karena: kadarnya paling tinggi, menghasilkan warna biru cerah dan cemerlang, bersifat nutrisi fungsional dan tidak beracun. Kata kunci: Spirulina sp., polar, non polar, pigmen, alami Research on pigments from Spirulina sp. powder has been done in order to determine polar and non polar pigments content by UV-Vis Spectroscopy method. Polar pigments were extracted using phosphate buffer (NaOH-KH2PO4) pH 7, while non polar pigments were extracted using pure aseton. The result showed that colour of polar pigment was dark blue and its content was 42,272±0,05 mg/g (dry weight), these pigments consist of phycocyanin (29,159±0,29 mg/g), allophycocyanin (9,363±0,20 mg/g), and phycoerythrin (3,750±0,09 mg/g). The colour of non polar pigment was light green and its content was 4,498±0,06 mg/g (dry weight), these pigments consist of chlorophyll a (3,349±0,03 mg/g) and carotenoids (1,158±0,03 mg/g). Due to the high content of pigments from Spirulina sp, showing a bright blue colour, having functional nutrition, and non toxic, the polar pigment phycocyanin have been found suitable for use as additif natural blue colorant. Key word: Spirulina sp., polar, non polar, pigment, natural