Karyotype, constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in Belosacris coccineipes (Acrididae-Leptysminae)

Several techniques including C-banding, fluorochromes and silver staining were used to obtain information about heterochromatin patterns in the grasshopper B. coccineipes. Conventional staining showed a karyotype with 2n = 23 chromosomes in males and 2n = 24 in females, as well as XO:XX sex determin...

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Main Authors: Vilma Loreto, Maria José de Souza
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Genética 2000-09-01
Series:Genetics and Molecular Biology
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572000000300013
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spelling doaj-7cf440f3145c488bb21ed61208a5d2022020-11-25T01:58:43ZengSociedade Brasileira de GenéticaGenetics and Molecular Biology1415-47571678-46852000-09-0123357557910.1590/S1415-47572000000300013Karyotype, constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in Belosacris coccineipes (Acrididae-Leptysminae)Vilma LoretoMaria José de SouzaSeveral techniques including C-banding, fluorochromes and silver staining were used to obtain information about heterochromatin patterns in the grasshopper B. coccineipes. Conventional staining showed a karyotype with 2n = 23 chromosomes in males and 2n = 24 in females, as well as XO:XX sex determination and acrotelocentric chromosomes. The medium-sized X chromosome was heteropycnotic positive at the beginning of prophase I and negative in metaphase I. C-banding revealed heterochromatic blocks in the pericentromeric regions of all chromosomes. Silver nitrate staining in this species showed three small bivalents (S9-S11) as nucleolar organizers with NORs located in the pericentromeric regions. CMA3-positive blocks were seen in pericentromeric regions of pairs M6, S9, S10 and S11. Sequential staining with CMA3/AgNO3 revealed homology between the CMA3-positive bands and NORs of the bivalents S9, S10 and S11. The CMA3-positive block of the bivalent M6 could represent a latent secondary NOR. The results obtained permit us to distinguish two categories of the constitutive heterochromatin in B. coccineipes.<br>Algumas técnicas incluindo bandeamento C, fluorocromos e coloração com nitrato de prata foram utilizadas visando obter informações sobre os padrões de heterocromatina no gafanhoto B. coccineipes. A análise convencional mostrou um cariótipo com 2n = 23 cromossomos nos machos e 2n = 24 nas fêmeas, sistema XO de determinação do sexo e cromossomos acro-telocêntricos. O cromossomo X de tamanho médio mostrou-se heteropicnótico positivo no início da prófase I e negativo em metáfase I. O bandeamento C revelou blocos positivos nas regiões pericentroméricas de todos os cromossomos. A coloração com nitrato de prata nesta espécie evidenciou 3 bivalentes pequenos (S9-S11) portadores de nucléolos com as NORs localizadas nas regiões pericentroméricas. Blocos CMA3-positivos foram visualizados nas regiões pericentroméricas dos pares M6, S9, S10 e S11. Pela coloração seqüencial CMA3/AgNO3 observamos homologia entre as bandas CMA3-positivas e as NORs dos bivalentes S9, S10 e S11. A marcação CMA3-positiva do bivalente M6 poderia representar uma NOR secundária latente. Os resultados obtidos permitiram distinguir duas categorias de heterocromatina constitutiva em B. coccineipes.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572000000300013
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Vilma Loreto
Maria José de Souza
spellingShingle Vilma Loreto
Maria José de Souza
Karyotype, constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in Belosacris coccineipes (Acrididae-Leptysminae)
Genetics and Molecular Biology
author_facet Vilma Loreto
Maria José de Souza
author_sort Vilma Loreto
title Karyotype, constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in Belosacris coccineipes (Acrididae-Leptysminae)
title_short Karyotype, constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in Belosacris coccineipes (Acrididae-Leptysminae)
title_full Karyotype, constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in Belosacris coccineipes (Acrididae-Leptysminae)
title_fullStr Karyotype, constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in Belosacris coccineipes (Acrididae-Leptysminae)
title_full_unstemmed Karyotype, constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in Belosacris coccineipes (Acrididae-Leptysminae)
title_sort karyotype, constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolar organizer regions (nors) in belosacris coccineipes (acrididae-leptysminae)
publisher Sociedade Brasileira de Genética
series Genetics and Molecular Biology
issn 1415-4757
1678-4685
publishDate 2000-09-01
description Several techniques including C-banding, fluorochromes and silver staining were used to obtain information about heterochromatin patterns in the grasshopper B. coccineipes. Conventional staining showed a karyotype with 2n = 23 chromosomes in males and 2n = 24 in females, as well as XO:XX sex determination and acrotelocentric chromosomes. The medium-sized X chromosome was heteropycnotic positive at the beginning of prophase I and negative in metaphase I. C-banding revealed heterochromatic blocks in the pericentromeric regions of all chromosomes. Silver nitrate staining in this species showed three small bivalents (S9-S11) as nucleolar organizers with NORs located in the pericentromeric regions. CMA3-positive blocks were seen in pericentromeric regions of pairs M6, S9, S10 and S11. Sequential staining with CMA3/AgNO3 revealed homology between the CMA3-positive bands and NORs of the bivalents S9, S10 and S11. The CMA3-positive block of the bivalent M6 could represent a latent secondary NOR. The results obtained permit us to distinguish two categories of the constitutive heterochromatin in B. coccineipes.<br>Algumas técnicas incluindo bandeamento C, fluorocromos e coloração com nitrato de prata foram utilizadas visando obter informações sobre os padrões de heterocromatina no gafanhoto B. coccineipes. A análise convencional mostrou um cariótipo com 2n = 23 cromossomos nos machos e 2n = 24 nas fêmeas, sistema XO de determinação do sexo e cromossomos acro-telocêntricos. O cromossomo X de tamanho médio mostrou-se heteropicnótico positivo no início da prófase I e negativo em metáfase I. O bandeamento C revelou blocos positivos nas regiões pericentroméricas de todos os cromossomos. A coloração com nitrato de prata nesta espécie evidenciou 3 bivalentes pequenos (S9-S11) portadores de nucléolos com as NORs localizadas nas regiões pericentroméricas. Blocos CMA3-positivos foram visualizados nas regiões pericentroméricas dos pares M6, S9, S10 e S11. Pela coloração seqüencial CMA3/AgNO3 observamos homologia entre as bandas CMA3-positivas e as NORs dos bivalentes S9, S10 e S11. A marcação CMA3-positiva do bivalente M6 poderia representar uma NOR secundária latente. Os resultados obtidos permitiram distinguir duas categorias de heterocromatina constitutiva em B. coccineipes.
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572000000300013
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