Arm trajectories and writing strategy in healthy children

• Main Authors: Chiappedi Matteo, Togni Rosella, De Bernardi Elisabetta, Baschenis Ilaria, Battezzato Sara, Balottin Umberto, Toffola Elena, Bejor Maurizio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: BMC 2012-11-01
• Series: BMC Pediatrics
• Online Access: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2431/12/173

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Evaluation of elementary writing skills in children is usually obtained with high resolution (and high cost) techniques or with low resolution pen-and-paper tests. In this observational study we tested a quantitative method to obtain normative data to describe arm movement during a writing precursor gesture.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We recruited 226 healthy children (mean age 9,1 years [range: 6.3 – 11.4 years]), attending primary schools belonging to the “Istituto Comprensivo” of Rivanazzano Terme (Pavia). We asked to drive a cursor through a polygonal path (labyrinth) projected in front of them using a wireless mouse. Dartfish™ video analysis software was used to elaborate images and Excel™, MedCalc™ and Statistica 7™ to analyze values of shoulder, elbow and wrist ranges of motion, arm trajectories, execution times and gesture accuracy.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Differences seen in motor strategies, when divided according to attended class, suggest a proximal-distal maturation of motor control. Obtained values were not significantly correlated with variables such as gender, ethnicity or cognitive functioning.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This type of approach to a study of arm movement during childhood represents a valid alternative to other tests, considering that it can differentiate children who perform similarly in the VMI test and is non-invasive, low-cost and easily reproducible.</p>