Hydrogen-rich saline injection into the subarachnoid cavity within 2 weeks promotes recovery after acute spinal cord injury

• Main Authors: Jian-long Wang, Qing-shan Zhang, Kai-di Zhu, Jian-feng Sun, Ze-peng Zhang, Jian-wen Sun, Ke-xiang Zhang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2015-01-01
• Series: Neural Regeneration Research
• Subjects: microtubule; axon; kinesin-5; Eg5; regeneration; monastrol; molecular motor protein; aging; neurodegenerative disorders; telomere shortening; MSCs; cellular therapy; traumatic brain injury; spinal cord injuries; dual diagnosis; diagnosis; complications; rehabilitation; post-concussion syndrome; brain concussion; blood brain barrier; phage display; peptide library; nanocarrier; targeting; Schwann cells; neurite outgrowth; neuromuscular junction (NMJ); multiple sclerosis; TGF-β/BMP-7/Smad signaling; myogenic differentiation; Trf3; tumor suppression; nerve regeneration; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; cerebral ischemia; tail vein injection; middle cerebral artery occlusion; cell therapy; neuroprotection; brain injury; neuroimaging; ferumoxytol; superparamagnetic iron oxide particles; human adipose-derived stem cells; intracerebral injection; magnetic resonance imaging; enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography image; modified neurological severity scores; rats; Prussian blue staining; neural regeneration; non-invasive brain stimulation; transcranial magnetic stimulation; neurotrophic factor; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; neuroplasticity; hippocampus; cognitive function; curcumin; neurons; HIV-1 gp120 V3 loop; plasticity; HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders; output/input curve; long-term potentiation; excitatory postsynaptic potential; paired-pulse facilitation; Ca 2+; synaptosome; NSFC grants; hydrogen sulfide; cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury; P2X 7 receptor; 2; 3; 5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride staining; animal model; protection; sodium hydrosulfide; immunofluorescence; NSFC grant; γ-aminobutyric acid; glial fibrillary acidic protein; glutamic acid decarboxylase; neurotoxicity; weaning; organ index; cerebrum; cortex; glutamate; p53 tumor suppressor gene family; cerebral ischemia/reperfusion; pyramidal neurons; CA1 region; delayed neuronal death; immunohistochemistry; western blotting; spinal cord injury; rapamycin; Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway; apoptosis; caspase-3; loss of neurons; hydrogen-rich saline; reactive oxygen species; physiological saline; oxidative stress; Basso; Beattie and Bresnahan score; malondialdehyde; superoxide dismutase; calcitonin gene-related peptide
• Online Access: http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2015;volume=10;issue=6;spage=958;epage=964;aulast=Wang
• ISSN: 1673-5374

Hydrogen can relieve tissue-damaging oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Injection of hydrogen-rich saline is an effective method for transporting molecular hydrogen. We hypothesized that hydrogen-rich saline would promote the repair of spinal cord injury induced by Allen′s method in rats. At 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours after injury, then once daily for 2 weeks, 0.25 mL/kg hydrogen-rich saline was infused into the subarachnoid space through a catheter. Results at 24 hours, 48 hours, 1 week and 2 weeks after injury showed that hydrogen-rich saline markedly reduced cell death, inflammatory cell infiltration, serum malondialdehyde content, and caspase-3 immunoreactivity, elevated serum superoxide dismutase activity and calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity, and improved motor function in the hindlimb. The present study confirms that hydrogen-rich saline injected within 2 weeks of injury effectively contributes to the repair of spinal cord injury in the acute stage.