| Summary: | The relevance of the research is the growing interest of state and public figures, scholars to the problems of consolidation of society, the upbringing of citizenship and patriotism in modern youth. The aim of the article is to analyze the basic approaches to understanding the ideas of the fatherland and patriotism by representatives of the first Soviet political elite. This affected the character of the events of the revolutionary and subsequent epochs, and continues to influence contemporary social consciousness. The most influential representatives of the Soviet leadership of the late 1910–1920’s. can be considered V.I. Lenin, L.D. Trotsky, A.V. Lunacharsky. As a result, it is concluded that the first Soviet political elite did not have a common and unambiguous attitude to the fatherland and patriotism. For Lenin, the real fatherland was the socialist Fatherland, where the people came to power. This Fatherland needed to be loved, protected and protected to the last drop of blood, it was worthy of patriotic feelings and actions. According to Trotsky and Lunacharskii, who were representatives of the theory of “permanent revolution,” socialist Russia is only a bunch of brushwood in the fire of a pan-European or world revolution. That is why patriotism does not exist and there can be no place either in state policy or in public consciousness.
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