Hypertensives' Knowledge About High-Sodium Foods and Their Behavior

• Main Authors: Juliana de Fátima Teixeira, Maíra Ribas Goulart, Fernanda Michielin Busnello, Lucia Campos Pellanda
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (SBC) 2016-01-01
• Series: Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia
• Subjects: Hipertensão / mortalidade; Hipertensão / prevenção & controle; Hábitos Alimentares; Cloreto de Sódio na Dieta
• Online Access: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0066-782X2016005010102&lng=en&tlng=en

Abstract Background: In Brazil, the prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is approximately 30% of the total population. In 2010, SAH was the cause of death of about 9.4 million people worldwide. A healthy dietary pattern is important to maintain proper blood pressure levels and, consequently, disease control. Objectives: To describe the knowledge and practices of hypertensive patients cared for at a public hypertension outpatient clinic, and its relationship with high-sodium food. Methods: We applied a questionnaire to patients with questions related to sociodemographics, dietary pattern, frequency of ingestion of certain foods, and knowledge about their own disease. Results: We studied 221 patients, 56.1% of whom were women, and 53.8% had only elementary education. Their mean age was 57.7 ±13.5 years, and 75.6% of them reported having high blood pressure, and 11.3%, diabetes mellitus. Regarding dietary pattern, 62% used ready-to-use seasonings, but 94.1% reported not adding extra salt to their ready meals. Regarding patients' knowledge about high-sodium foods and SAH, only 8 patients had 100% of right answers, 37 patients had 73.8%, and 42 patients, 57% of right answers. Conclusion: Knowledge about SAH prevention and high-sodium foods was insufficient. Based on this study's findings, more effective educational strategies targeted at this population can be developed.