Connectivity Analysis of Millimeter-Wave Device-to-Device Networks with Blockage

We consider device-to-device (D2D) communications in millimeter-wave (mm Wave) for the future fifth generation (5G) cellular networks. While the mm Wave systems can support multiple D2D pairs simultaneously through beamforming with highly directional antenna arrays, the mm Wave channel is significan...

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Main Authors: Haejoon Jung, In-Ho Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2016-01-01
Series:International Journal of Antennas and Propagation
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7939671
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spelling doaj-774ba813e821451ba2f1c4b17fcaccce2020-11-24T22:25:08ZengHindawi LimitedInternational Journal of Antennas and Propagation1687-58691687-58772016-01-01201610.1155/2016/79396717939671Connectivity Analysis of Millimeter-Wave Device-to-Device Networks with BlockageHaejoon Jung0In-Ho Lee1The Department of Information and Telecommunication Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of KoreaThe Department of Electrical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong 456-749, Republic of KoreaWe consider device-to-device (D2D) communications in millimeter-wave (mm Wave) for the future fifth generation (5G) cellular networks. While the mm Wave systems can support multiple D2D pairs simultaneously through beamforming with highly directional antenna arrays, the mm Wave channel is significantly more susceptible to blockage compared to microwave; mm Wave channel studies indicate that if line-of-sight (LoS) paths are blocked, reliable mm Wave communications may not be achieved for high data-rate applications. Therefore, assuming that an outage occurs in the absence of the LoS path between two wireless devices by obstructions, we focus on connectivity of the mm Wave D2D networks. We consider two types of D2D communications: direct and indirect schemes. The connectivity performances of the two schemes are investigated in terms of (i) the probability to achieve a fully connected network PFC and (ii) the average number of reliably connected devices γ. Through analysis and simulation, we show that, as the network size increases, PFC and γ decrease. Also, PFC and γ decrease, when the blockage parameter increases. Moreover, simulation results indicate that the hybrid direct and indirect scheme can improve both PFC and γ up to about 35% compared to the nonhybrid scheme.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7939671
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Haejoon Jung
In-Ho Lee
spellingShingle Haejoon Jung
In-Ho Lee
Connectivity Analysis of Millimeter-Wave Device-to-Device Networks with Blockage
International Journal of Antennas and Propagation
author_facet Haejoon Jung
In-Ho Lee
author_sort Haejoon Jung
title Connectivity Analysis of Millimeter-Wave Device-to-Device Networks with Blockage
title_short Connectivity Analysis of Millimeter-Wave Device-to-Device Networks with Blockage
title_full Connectivity Analysis of Millimeter-Wave Device-to-Device Networks with Blockage
title_fullStr Connectivity Analysis of Millimeter-Wave Device-to-Device Networks with Blockage
title_full_unstemmed Connectivity Analysis of Millimeter-Wave Device-to-Device Networks with Blockage
title_sort connectivity analysis of millimeter-wave device-to-device networks with blockage
publisher Hindawi Limited
series International Journal of Antennas and Propagation
issn 1687-5869
1687-5877
publishDate 2016-01-01
description We consider device-to-device (D2D) communications in millimeter-wave (mm Wave) for the future fifth generation (5G) cellular networks. While the mm Wave systems can support multiple D2D pairs simultaneously through beamforming with highly directional antenna arrays, the mm Wave channel is significantly more susceptible to blockage compared to microwave; mm Wave channel studies indicate that if line-of-sight (LoS) paths are blocked, reliable mm Wave communications may not be achieved for high data-rate applications. Therefore, assuming that an outage occurs in the absence of the LoS path between two wireless devices by obstructions, we focus on connectivity of the mm Wave D2D networks. We consider two types of D2D communications: direct and indirect schemes. The connectivity performances of the two schemes are investigated in terms of (i) the probability to achieve a fully connected network PFC and (ii) the average number of reliably connected devices γ. Through analysis and simulation, we show that, as the network size increases, PFC and γ decrease. Also, PFC and γ decrease, when the blockage parameter increases. Moreover, simulation results indicate that the hybrid direct and indirect scheme can improve both PFC and γ up to about 35% compared to the nonhybrid scheme.
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7939671
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