A Frequency Control Approach for Hybrid Power System Using Multi-Objective Optimization

• Main Authors: Mohammed Elsayed Lotfy, Tomonobu Senjyu, Mohammed Abdel-Fattah Farahat, Amal Farouq Abdel-Gawad, Atsuhi Yona
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2017-01-01
• Series: Energies
• Subjects: hybrid power system; frequency control; supply balance; full-order observer; multi-objective optimization
• Online Access: http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/1/80

A hybrid power system uses many wind turbine generators (WTG) and solar photovoltaics (PV) in isolated small areas. However, the output power of these renewable sources is not constant and can diverge quickly, which has a serious effect on system frequency and the continuity of demand supply. In order to solve this problem, this paper presents a new frequency control scheme for a hybrid power system to ensure supplying a high-quality power in isolated areas. The proposed power system consists of a WTG, PV, aqua-electrolyzer (AE), fuel cell (FC), battery energy storage system (BESS), flywheel (FW) and diesel engine generator (DEG). Furthermore, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (EVs) are implemented at the customer side. A full-order observer is utilized to estimate the supply error. Then, the estimated supply error is considered in a frequency domain. The high-frequency component is reduced by BESS and FW; while the low-frequency component of supply error is mitigated using FC, EV and DEG. Two PI controllers are implemented in the proposed system to control the system frequency and reduce the supply error. The epsilon multi-objective genetic algorithm ( ε -MOGA) is applied to optimize the controllers’ parameters. The performance of the proposed control scheme is compared with that of recent well-established techniques, such as a PID controller tuned by the quasi-oppositional harmony search algorithm (QOHSA). The effectiveness and robustness of the hybrid power system are investigated under various operating conditions.