Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Modalities Associated with Skeletal Muscle Loss Following Spinal Cord Injury

Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Modalities Associated with Skeletal Muscle Loss Following Spinal Cord Injury

A spinal cord injury (SCI) may lead to loss of strength, sensation, locomotion and other body functions distal to the lesion site. Individuals with SCI also develop secondary conditions due to the lack of skeletal muscle activity. As SCI case numbers increase, recent studies have attempted to determ...

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Main Authors: Kelsey P. Drasites, Ramsha Shams, Vandana Zaman, Denise Matzelle, Donald C. Shields, Dena P. Garner, Christopher J. Sole, Azizul Haque, Narendra L. Banik
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-12-01
Series:Brain Sciences
Subjects:
muscle atrophy
calpain
inflammation
estrogen
biomarkers
neuroprotection
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/12/933
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spelling doaj-74bf4abe01134d5c9fec3a0f787b4e252020-12-03T00:01:46ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252020-12-011093393310.3390/brainsci10120933Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Modalities Associated with Skeletal Muscle Loss Following Spinal Cord InjuryKelsey P. Drasites0Ramsha Shams1Vandana Zaman2Denise Matzelle3Donald C. Shields4Dena P. Garner5Christopher J. Sole6Azizul Haque7Narendra L. Banik8Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St., Charleston, SC 29425, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St., Charleston, SC 29425, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St., Charleston, SC 29425, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St., Charleston, SC 29425, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St., Charleston, SC 29425, USADepartment of Health and Human Performance, The Citadel, 171 Moultrie St, Charleston, SC 29409, USADepartment of Health and Human Performance, The Citadel, 171 Moultrie St, Charleston, SC 29409, USADepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St., Charleston, SC 29425, USAA spinal cord injury (SCI) may lead to loss of strength, sensation, locomotion and other body functions distal to the lesion site. Individuals with SCI also develop secondary conditions due to the lack of skeletal muscle activity. As SCI case numbers increase, recent studies have attempted to determine the best options to salvage affected musculature before it is lost. These approaches include pharmacotherapeutic options, immunosuppressants, physical activity or a combination thereof. Associated biomarkers are increasingly used to determine if these treatments aid in the protection and reconstruction of affected musculature.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/12/933muscle atrophycalpaininflammationestrogenbiomarkersneuroprotection
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Kelsey P. Drasites
Ramsha Shams
Vandana Zaman
Denise Matzelle
Donald C. Shields
Dena P. Garner
Christopher J. Sole
Azizul Haque
Narendra L. Banik
spellingShingle Kelsey P. Drasites
Ramsha Shams
Vandana Zaman
Denise Matzelle
Donald C. Shields
Dena P. Garner
Christopher J. Sole
Azizul Haque
Narendra L. Banik
Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Modalities Associated with Skeletal Muscle Loss Following Spinal Cord Injury
Brain Sciences
muscle atrophy
calpain
inflammation
estrogen
biomarkers
neuroprotection
author_facet Kelsey P. Drasites
Ramsha Shams
Vandana Zaman
Denise Matzelle
Donald C. Shields
Dena P. Garner
Christopher J. Sole
Azizul Haque
Narendra L. Banik
author_sort Kelsey P. Drasites
title Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Modalities Associated with Skeletal Muscle Loss Following Spinal Cord Injury
title_short Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Modalities Associated with Skeletal Muscle Loss Following Spinal Cord Injury
title_full Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Modalities Associated with Skeletal Muscle Loss Following Spinal Cord Injury
title_fullStr Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Modalities Associated with Skeletal Muscle Loss Following Spinal Cord Injury
title_full_unstemmed Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Modalities Associated with Skeletal Muscle Loss Following Spinal Cord Injury
title_sort pathophysiology, biomarkers, and therapeutic modalities associated with skeletal muscle loss following spinal cord injury
publisher MDPI AG
series Brain Sciences
issn 2076-3425
publishDate 2020-12-01
description A spinal cord injury (SCI) may lead to loss of strength, sensation, locomotion and other body functions distal to the lesion site. Individuals with SCI also develop secondary conditions due to the lack of skeletal muscle activity. As SCI case numbers increase, recent studies have attempted to determine the best options to salvage affected musculature before it is lost. These approaches include pharmacotherapeutic options, immunosuppressants, physical activity or a combination thereof. Associated biomarkers are increasingly used to determine if these treatments aid in the protection and reconstruction of affected musculature.
topic muscle atrophy
calpain
inflammation
estrogen
biomarkers
neuroprotection
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/12/933
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