Improvement of Diagnostic Accuracy for Pancreatic Cancer with Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase

• Main Authors: Wang X, Wang C, Zhang H
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dove Medical Press 2021-06-01
• Series: Cancer Management and Research
• Subjects: pancreatic cancer; lactate dehydrogenase; diagnosis
• Online Access: https://www.dovepress.com/improvement-of-diagnostic-accuracy-for-pancreatic-cancer-with-serum-la-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CMAR

Xi Wang,1,* Chunbin Wang,2,* Haijun Zhang1 1Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, Yancheng Third People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Yancheng Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Haijun ZhangDepartment of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax [phone]Email [e-mail]: Due to the lack of early-stage detection, pancreatic cancer (PC) remains a devastating disease worldwide. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is associated with tumorigenesis and cancer progression. This study aims to analyze the diagnostic improvements in serum LDH levels combined with other common tumor biomarkers, including carbohydrate antigen 19– 9 (CA19– 9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), for monitoring PC.Patients and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 73 patients with newly diagnosed PC, 90 patients with pancreatic benign diseases (PBD), and 92 people with healthy physical examination (HPE) at Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University from July 2013 to July 2020. The diagnostic efficiencies of serum levels of LDH, CA19– 9, and CEA were analyzed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for PC. The sensitivity and specificity were evaluated at an optimal cutoff. The prognostic impacts of LDH on PC patients were also assessed.Results: The LDH level was elevated in 21 (28.77%) patients with PC, 3 (3.33%) PBD patients, and no HPE individuals (P< 0.05). The sensitivities of LDH, CA19– 9, and CEA for the diagnosis of PC were 63.0%, 78.1%, and 72.6%, respectively, but the combination of these three markers increased predictive sensitivity significantly to 87.6%. The specificities of LDH, CA19– 9, and CEA for the diagnosis of PC were 93.4%, 84.1%, and 73.1%, respectively. The combined specificity reached up to 96.7%. The medium survival time of PC patients with low-level LDH was 21 ± 5.1 months, whereas that of patients with high-level LDH was only 7 ± 0.92 months (P< 0.05).Conclusion: The serum LDH level was higher in PC patients than in PBD patients and HPE individuals and was associated with a poor prognosis. The combined assessment of LDH, CEA, and CA19– 9 showed higher sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of PC.Keywords: pancreatic cancer, lactate dehydrogenase, diagnosis