Genetic Diversity in Apple Fruit Moth Indicate Different Clusters in the Two Most Important Apple Growing Regions of Norway
The apple fruit moth (Argyresthia conjugella (A. conjugella)) in Norway was first identified as a pest in apple production in 1899. We here report the first genetic analysis of A. conjugella using molecular markers. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was applied to 95 individuals...
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doaj-7493a5a1401844dca2fc1a9269f207f22020-11-24T23:24:08ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182016-04-01821010.3390/d8020010d8020010Genetic Diversity in Apple Fruit Moth Indicate Different Clusters in the Two Most Important Apple Growing Regions of NorwayAbdelhameed Elameen0Hans Geir Eiken1Geir K. Knudsen2NIBIO—Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Hogskoleveien 7, N-1432 Aas, NorwayNIBIO—Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Hogskoleveien 7, N-1432 Aas, NorwayNIBIO—Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Hogskoleveien 7, N-1432 Aas, NorwayThe apple fruit moth (Argyresthia conjugella (A. conjugella)) in Norway was first identified as a pest in apple production in 1899. We here report the first genetic analysis of A. conjugella using molecular markers. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was applied to 95 individuals from six different locations in the two most important apple-growing regions of Norway. Five AFLP primer combinations gave 410 clear polymorphic bands that distinguished all the individuals. Further genetic analysis using the Dice coefficient, Principal Coordinate analysis (PCO) and Bayesian analyses suggested clustering of the individuals into two main groups showing substantial genetic distance. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed greater variation among populations (77.94%) than within populations (22.06%) and significant and high FST values were determined between the two major regions (Distance = 230 km, FST = 0.780). AFLP analysis revealed low to moderate genetic diversity in our population sample from Norway (Average: 0.31 expected heterozygosity). The positive significant correlation between the geographic and the molecular data (r2 = 0.6700) indicate that genetic differences between the two major regions may be due to geographical barriers such as high mountain plateaus (Hardangervidda) in addition to isolation by distance (IBD).http://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/8/2/10AFLPArgyresthia conjugellagene flowgenetic differentiationisolation by distance (IBD)Lepidoptera |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Abdelhameed Elameen Hans Geir Eiken Geir K. Knudsen |
spellingShingle |
Abdelhameed Elameen Hans Geir Eiken Geir K. Knudsen Genetic Diversity in Apple Fruit Moth Indicate Different Clusters in the Two Most Important Apple Growing Regions of Norway Diversity AFLP Argyresthia conjugella gene flow genetic differentiation isolation by distance (IBD) Lepidoptera |
author_facet |
Abdelhameed Elameen Hans Geir Eiken Geir K. Knudsen |
author_sort |
Abdelhameed Elameen |
title |
Genetic Diversity in Apple Fruit Moth Indicate Different Clusters in the Two Most Important Apple Growing Regions of Norway |
title_short |
Genetic Diversity in Apple Fruit Moth Indicate Different Clusters in the Two Most Important Apple Growing Regions of Norway |
title_full |
Genetic Diversity in Apple Fruit Moth Indicate Different Clusters in the Two Most Important Apple Growing Regions of Norway |
title_fullStr |
Genetic Diversity in Apple Fruit Moth Indicate Different Clusters in the Two Most Important Apple Growing Regions of Norway |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genetic Diversity in Apple Fruit Moth Indicate Different Clusters in the Two Most Important Apple Growing Regions of Norway |
title_sort |
genetic diversity in apple fruit moth indicate different clusters in the two most important apple growing regions of norway |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Diversity |
issn |
1424-2818 |
publishDate |
2016-04-01 |
description |
The apple fruit moth (Argyresthia conjugella (A. conjugella)) in Norway was first identified as a pest in apple production in 1899. We here report the first genetic analysis of A. conjugella using molecular markers. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was applied to 95 individuals from six different locations in the two most important apple-growing regions of Norway. Five AFLP primer combinations gave 410 clear polymorphic bands that distinguished all the individuals. Further genetic analysis using the Dice coefficient, Principal Coordinate analysis (PCO) and Bayesian analyses suggested clustering of the individuals into two main groups showing substantial genetic distance. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed greater variation among populations (77.94%) than within populations (22.06%) and significant and high FST values were determined between the two major regions (Distance = 230 km, FST = 0.780). AFLP analysis revealed low to moderate genetic diversity in our population sample from Norway (Average: 0.31 expected heterozygosity). The positive significant correlation between the geographic and the molecular data (r2 = 0.6700) indicate that genetic differences between the two major regions may be due to geographical barriers such as high mountain plateaus (Hardangervidda) in addition to isolation by distance (IBD). |
topic |
AFLP Argyresthia conjugella gene flow genetic differentiation isolation by distance (IBD) Lepidoptera |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/8/2/10 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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