Monthly resolved modelled oceanic emissions of carbonyl sulphide and carbon disulphide for the period 2000–2019
<p>Carbonyl sulphide (OCS) is the most abundant, long-lived sulphur gas in the atmosphere and a major supplier of sulphur to the stratospheric sulphate aerosol layer. The short-lived gas carbon disulphide (CS<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span>) is...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Earth System Science Data |
| Online Access: | https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/13/2095/2021/essd-13-2095-2021.pdf |
| Summary: | <p>Carbonyl sulphide (OCS) is the most abundant, long-lived
sulphur gas in the atmosphere and a major supplier of sulphur to the
stratospheric sulphate aerosol layer. The short-lived gas carbon disulphide
(CS<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span>) is oxidized to OCS and constitutes a major indirect source to the
atmospheric OCS budget. The atmospheric budget of OCS is not well
constrained due to a large missing source needed to compensate for
substantial evidence that was provided for significantly higher sinks.
Oceanic emissions are associated with major uncertainties. Here we provide a
first, monthly resolved ocean emission inventory of both gases for the
period 2000–2019 (available at
<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297010">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297010</a>) (Lennartz et al.,
2020a). Emissions are calculated with a numerical box model (<span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mn mathvariant="normal">2.8</mn><msup><mi/><mo>∘</mo></msup><mo>×</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">2.8</mn><msup><mi/><mo>∘</mo></msup></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="52pt" height="11pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="fa02f41784f295cc998b25ecc7d9463d"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="essd-13-2095-2021-ie00001.svg" width="52pt" height="11pt" src="essd-13-2095-2021-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> resolution at the Equator, T42 grid) for the oceanic
surface mixed layer, driven by ERA5 data from ECMWF and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) from
Aqua MODIS. We find that interannual variability in OCS emissions is smaller
than seasonal variability and is mainly driven by variations in CDOM, which influences both
photochemical and light-independent production. A comparison with a global
database of more than 2500 measurements reveals overall good agreement.
Emissions of CS<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span> constitute a larger sulphur source to the atmosphere
than OCS and equally show interannual variability connected to variability
in CDOM. The emission estimate of CS<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span> is associated with higher
uncertainties as process understanding of the marine cycling of CS<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span> is
incomplete. We encourage the use of the data provided here as input for
atmospheric modelling studies to further assess the atmospheric OCS budget
and the role of OCS in climate.</p> |
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| ISSN: | 1866-3508 1866-3516 |