Genotoxicity and Gene Expression in the Rat Lung Tissue following Instillation and Inhalation of Different Variants of Amorphous Silica Nanomaterials (aSiO2 NM)

Several reports on amorphous silica nanomaterial (aSiO2 NM) toxicity have been questioning their safety. Herein, we investigated the in vivo pulmonary toxicity of four variants of aSiO2 NM: SiO2_15_Unmod, SiO2...

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Main Authors:	Fátima Brandão, Carla Costa, Maria João Bessa, Elise Dumortier, Florence Debacq-Chainiaux, Roland Hubaux, Michel Salmon, Julie Laloy, Miruna S. Stan, Anca Hermenean, Sami Gharbia, Anca Dinischiotu, Anne Bannuscher, Bryan Hellack, Andrea Haase, Sónia Fraga, João Paulo Teixeira
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2021-06-01
Series:	Nanomaterials
Subjects:	silica nanomaterials in vivo inhalation in vivo instillation rat lung DNA damage gene expression
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/6/1502

id	doaj-7398e1acdd58413aae86adb0f787c5df
record_format	Article
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Fátima Brandão Carla Costa Maria João Bessa Elise Dumortier Florence Debacq-Chainiaux Roland Hubaux Michel Salmon Julie Laloy Miruna S. Stan Anca Hermenean Sami Gharbia Anca Dinischiotu Anne Bannuscher Bryan Hellack Andrea Haase Sónia Fraga João Paulo Teixeira
spellingShingle	Fátima Brandão Carla Costa Maria João Bessa Elise Dumortier Florence Debacq-Chainiaux Roland Hubaux Michel Salmon Julie Laloy Miruna S. Stan Anca Hermenean Sami Gharbia Anca Dinischiotu Anne Bannuscher Bryan Hellack Andrea Haase Sónia Fraga João Paulo Teixeira Genotoxicity and Gene Expression in the Rat Lung Tissue following Instillation and Inhalation of Different Variants of Amorphous Silica Nanomaterials (aSiO<sub>2</sub> NM) Nanomaterials silica nanomaterials in vivo inhalation in vivo instillation rat lung DNA damage gene expression
author_facet	Fátima Brandão Carla Costa Maria João Bessa Elise Dumortier Florence Debacq-Chainiaux Roland Hubaux Michel Salmon Julie Laloy Miruna S. Stan Anca Hermenean Sami Gharbia Anca Dinischiotu Anne Bannuscher Bryan Hellack Andrea Haase Sónia Fraga João Paulo Teixeira
author_sort	Fátima Brandão
title	Genotoxicity and Gene Expression in the Rat Lung Tissue following Instillation and Inhalation of Different Variants of Amorphous Silica Nanomaterials (aSiO<sub>2</sub> NM)
title_short	Genotoxicity and Gene Expression in the Rat Lung Tissue following Instillation and Inhalation of Different Variants of Amorphous Silica Nanomaterials (aSiO<sub>2</sub> NM)
title_full	Genotoxicity and Gene Expression in the Rat Lung Tissue following Instillation and Inhalation of Different Variants of Amorphous Silica Nanomaterials (aSiO<sub>2</sub> NM)
title_fullStr	Genotoxicity and Gene Expression in the Rat Lung Tissue following Instillation and Inhalation of Different Variants of Amorphous Silica Nanomaterials (aSiO<sub>2</sub> NM)
title_full_unstemmed	Genotoxicity and Gene Expression in the Rat Lung Tissue following Instillation and Inhalation of Different Variants of Amorphous Silica Nanomaterials (aSiO<sub>2</sub> NM)
title_sort	genotoxicity and gene expression in the rat lung tissue following instillation and inhalation of different variants of amorphous silica nanomaterials (asio<sub>2</sub> nm)
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Nanomaterials
issn	2079-4991
publishDate	2021-06-01
description	Several reports on amorphous silica nanomaterial (aSiO<sub>2</sub> NM) toxicity have been questioning their safety. Herein, we investigated the in vivo pulmonary toxicity of four variants of aSiO<sub>2</sub> NM: SiO<sub>2</sub>_15_Unmod, SiO<sub>2</sub>_15_Amino, SiO<sub>2</sub>_7 and SiO<sub>2</sub>_40. We focused on alterations in lung DNA and protein integrity, and gene expression following single intratracheal instillation in rats. Additionally, a short-term inhalation study (STIS) was carried out for SiO<sub>2</sub>_7, using TiO<sub>2</sub>_NM105 as a benchmark NM. In the instillation study, a significant but slight increase in oxidative DNA damage in rats exposed to the highest instilled dose (0.36 mg/rat) of SiO<sub>2</sub>_15_Amino was observed in the recovery (R) group. Exposure to SiO<sub>2</sub>_7 or SiO<sub>2</sub>_40 markedly increased oxidative DNA lesions in rat lung cells of the exposure (E) group at every tested dose. This damage seems to be repaired, since no changes compared to controls were observed in the R groups. In STIS, a significant increase in DNA strand breaks of the lung cells exposed to 0.5 mg/m<sup>3</sup> of SiO<sub>2</sub>_7 or 50 mg/m<sup>3</sup> of TiO<sub>2</sub>_NM105 was observed in both groups. The detected gene expression changes suggest that oxidative stress and/or inflammation pathways are likely implicated in the induction of (oxidative) DNA damage. Overall, all tested aSiO<sub>2</sub> NM were not associated with marked in vivo toxicity following instillation or STIS. The genotoxicity findings for SiO<sub>2</sub>_7 from instillation and STIS are concordant; however, changes in STIS animals were more permanent/difficult to revert.
topic	silica nanomaterials in vivo inhalation in vivo instillation rat lung DNA damage gene expression
url	https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/6/1502
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spelling	doaj-7398e1acdd58413aae86adb0f787c5df2021-06-30T23:28:39ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-06-01111502150210.3390/nano11061502Genotoxicity and Gene Expression in the Rat Lung Tissue following Instillation and Inhalation of Different Variants of Amorphous Silica Nanomaterials (aSiO<sub>2</sub> NM)Fátima Brandão0Carla Costa1Maria João Bessa2Elise Dumortier3Florence Debacq-Chainiaux4Roland Hubaux5Michel Salmon6Julie Laloy7Miruna S. Stan8Anca Hermenean9Sami Gharbia10Anca Dinischiotu11Anne Bannuscher12Bryan Hellack13Andrea Haase14Sónia Fraga15João Paulo Teixeira16EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, 4050-600 Porto, PortugalEPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, 4050-600 Porto, PortugalEPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, 4050-600 Porto, PortugalUnité de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (Narilis), University of Namur, 5000 Namur, BelgiumUnité de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (Narilis), University of Namur, 5000 Namur, BelgiumStratiCELL Laboratories, Research and Development, 5032 Les Isnes, BelgiumStratiCELL Laboratories, Research and Development, 5032 Les Isnes, BelgiumNamur Nanosafety Centre, Department of Pharmacy, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (Narilis), University of Namur, 5000 Namur, BelgiumDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, GermanyInstitute of Energy and Environmental Technology (IUTA) e.V., 47229 Duisburg, GermanyDepartment of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, GermanyEPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, 4050-600 Porto, PortugalEPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, 4050-600 Porto, PortugalSeveral reports on amorphous silica nanomaterial (aSiO<sub>2</sub> NM) toxicity have been questioning their safety. Herein, we investigated the in vivo pulmonary toxicity of four variants of aSiO<sub>2</sub> NM: SiO<sub>2</sub>_15_Unmod, SiO<sub>2</sub>_15_Amino, SiO<sub>2</sub>_7 and SiO<sub>2</sub>_40. We focused on alterations in lung DNA and protein integrity, and gene expression following single intratracheal instillation in rats. Additionally, a short-term inhalation study (STIS) was carried out for SiO<sub>2</sub>_7, using TiO<sub>2</sub>_NM105 as a benchmark NM. In the instillation study, a significant but slight increase in oxidative DNA damage in rats exposed to the highest instilled dose (0.36 mg/rat) of SiO<sub>2</sub>_15_Amino was observed in the recovery (R) group. Exposure to SiO<sub>2</sub>_7 or SiO<sub>2</sub>_40 markedly increased oxidative DNA lesions in rat lung cells of the exposure (E) group at every tested dose. This damage seems to be repaired, since no changes compared to controls were observed in the R groups. In STIS, a significant increase in DNA strand breaks of the lung cells exposed to 0.5 mg/m<sup>3</sup> of SiO<sub>2</sub>_7 or 50 mg/m<sup>3</sup> of TiO<sub>2</sub>_NM105 was observed in both groups. The detected gene expression changes suggest that oxidative stress and/or inflammation pathways are likely implicated in the induction of (oxidative) DNA damage. Overall, all tested aSiO<sub>2</sub> NM were not associated with marked in vivo toxicity following instillation or STIS. The genotoxicity findings for SiO<sub>2</sub>_7 from instillation and STIS are concordant; however, changes in STIS animals were more permanent/difficult to revert.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/6/1502silica nanomaterialsin vivo inhalationin vivo instillationrat lungDNA damagegene expression

Genotoxicity and Gene Expression in the Rat Lung Tissue following Instillation and Inhalation of Different Variants of Amorphous Silica Nanomaterials (aSiO<sub>2</sub> NM)

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