Tasawuf Sunni Ala Sirhindi : “Kawin Paksa” Monisme dan Teologi Asy’Ariyah

• Main Author: Muhsin Labib
• Format: Article
• Language: Arabic
• Published: Sekolah Tinggi Filsafat Islam Sadra 2012-06-01
• Series: Kanz Philosophia: A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism
• Subjects: Tasawuf Sunni; Sirhindi; Teologi Asy’Ariyah; Mistisisme; Sufisme
• Online Access: http://journal.sadra.ac.id/index.php/kanzphilosophia/article/view/30

<div><p><strong>Abstract :</strong> The term monism or wahdah al-wujūd has a long story in Islamic Mysticism or Sufism. It is such that is considered to be the soul of Sufism, an sich. It means that without wahdah al-wujūd, there would be no further discussion on Islamic Mysticism. Besides, the theory of wahdah al-wujūd is rooted in Shi’ite Islam, yet never found in the theology of Ash’arian or any other Sunni tradition. It is very important to have an awareness of what the author has termed ‘failed cloning’ between monism in Shi’ite and dualism in Sunni traditions established by Sirhindi. This is an attempt to uncover the weakness and/or weaknesses of Sirhindi’s methodology, that criticized wahdah al-wujūd and his subsequent misunderstanding of it. Moreover, Sirhindi seemed somewhat confused over the disciplines of mysticism, philosophy, theology and jurisprudence in his arguments and accordingly his mystical construction. To criticize wahdah al-wujūd without having a basic understanding of Ibn ‘Arabi’s works is a fault. Moreover, the construction of mystical dimension of wahdah al-wujūd of Ibn ‘Arabi which had staunchly strengthened and defended by Shadruddin Shirazi (Mulla Sadra) is very difficult to break through by anyone who does not have basic knowledge of either. Thus, Sirhindi should have learned from him (Mulla Sadra) before he criticized Ibn ‘Arabi and his concept wahdah al-wujūd.</p><p><em>Keywords :  Tasawuf of Sunni, Sirhindi, Monism, Theology of Asy’Ariyah</em></p><p><strong>Abstrak :</strong> Istilah monisme atau wahdah al-wujūd memiliki kisah yang panjang dalam Mistisisme Islam atau Sufisme. Ia dianggap menjadi jiwa sufisme, an sich, yang berarti bahwa tanpa wahdah al-wujūd, tak akan ada diskusi lebih lanjut mengenai Mistisisme Islam. Selain itu, teori yang berakar dalam tradisi syiah islam, belum pernah ditemukan dalam teologi Asy’ariyah atau dalam tradisi sunni lainnya. Penting untuk memiliki kesadaran terhadap apa yang penulis sebut sebagai “gagal kloning” antara monisme dalam syiah dan dualisme dalam tradisi sunni Sirhindi. Artikel ini berupaya untuk mengungkap kelemahan dan /atau kelemahan dari metodologi Sirhindi yang mengkritik wahdah al-wujūd dan kesalahpahamannya terhadap konsep ini. Terlebih, dalam konstruksi penjelasan mistisisnya, Sirhindi tampak bingung atas disiplin pengetahuan mistisisme, filsafat, teologi dan fiqh. Mengkritik wahdah al-wujūd tanpa memiliki pemahaman dasar terhadap karya Ibn ‘Arabi akan cacat. Terlebih lagi, konstruksi dimensi mistis yang diperkuat oleh Mulla Sadra ini akan sulit diterobos oleh siapapun yang tidak mempunyai pengetahuan dasar tentangnya. Jadi, Sirhindi seharusnya belajar dari Mulla Sadra sebelum mengkritik Ibn ‘Arabi dan konsep wahdah al-wujūd. </p><p><em>Kata kunci : Tasawuf Sunni, Sirhindi, Monisme, Teologi Asy’Ariyah, Mistisisme, Sufisme</em></p></div>