Impact of Nano-Crystalline Diamond Enhanced Hydrophilicity on Cell Proliferation on Machined and SLA Titanium Surfaces: An In-Vivo Study in Rodents

By coating surfaces with nano-crystalline diamond (NCD) particles, hydrophilicity can be altered via sidechain modifications without affecting surface texture. The present study aimed to assess the impact of NCD hydrophilicity on machined and rough SLA titanium discs on soft tissue integration, usin...

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Main Authors: Robert Gerhard Stigler, Kathrin Becker, Michela Bruschi, Doris Steinmüller-Nethl, Robert Gassner
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2018-07-01
Series:Nanomaterials
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/7/524
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spelling doaj-719eb5c21feb4af4b4250c3cf971cbfa2020-11-24T22:20:05ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912018-07-018752410.3390/nano8070524nano8070524Impact of Nano-Crystalline Diamond Enhanced Hydrophilicity on Cell Proliferation on Machined and SLA Titanium Surfaces: An In-Vivo Study in RodentsRobert Gerhard Stigler0Kathrin Becker1Michela Bruschi2Doris Steinmüller-Nethl3Robert Gassner4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Orthodontics, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDiaCoating GmbH, 6112 Wattens, AustriaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaBy coating surfaces with nano-crystalline diamond (NCD) particles, hydrophilicity can be altered via sidechain modifications without affecting surface texture. The present study aimed to assess the impact of NCD hydrophilicity on machined and rough SLA titanium discs on soft tissue integration, using a rodent model simulating submerged healing. Four different titanium discs (machined titanium = M Titanium, NCD-coated hydrophilic machined titanium = M-O-NCD, sand blasted acid etched (SLA Titanium) titanium, and hydrophilic NCD-coated SLA titanium = SLA O-NCD) were inserted in subdermal pockets of 12 Wistar rats. After one and four weeks of healing, the animals were sacrificed. Biopsies were embedded in methyl methacrylate (MMA), and processed for histology. The number of cells located within a region of interest (ROI) of 10 µm around the discs were counted and compared statistically. Signs of inflammation were evaluated descriptively employing immunohistochemistry. At one week, M-O-NCD coated titanium discs showed significantly higher amounts of cells compared to M Titanium, SLA Titanium, and SLA-O-NCD (p < 0.001). At four weeks, significant higher cell counts were noted at SLA-O-NCD surfaces (p < 0.01). Immunohistochemistry revealed decreased inflammatory responses at hydrophilic surfaces. Within the limits of an animal study, M-O-NCD surfaces seem to stimulate cell proliferation in the initial healing phase, whereas SLA-O-NCD surfaces appeared advantageous afterwards.http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/7/524cell proliferationsoft-tissue healingchemical surface modificationsurface treatmenthydrophilicitiynano-crystalline diamond coating
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Robert Gerhard Stigler
Kathrin Becker
Michela Bruschi
Doris Steinmüller-Nethl
Robert Gassner
spellingShingle Robert Gerhard Stigler
Kathrin Becker
Michela Bruschi
Doris Steinmüller-Nethl
Robert Gassner
Impact of Nano-Crystalline Diamond Enhanced Hydrophilicity on Cell Proliferation on Machined and SLA Titanium Surfaces: An In-Vivo Study in Rodents
Nanomaterials
cell proliferation
soft-tissue healing
chemical surface modification
surface treatment
hydrophilicitiy
nano-crystalline diamond coating
author_facet Robert Gerhard Stigler
Kathrin Becker
Michela Bruschi
Doris Steinmüller-Nethl
Robert Gassner
author_sort Robert Gerhard Stigler
title Impact of Nano-Crystalline Diamond Enhanced Hydrophilicity on Cell Proliferation on Machined and SLA Titanium Surfaces: An In-Vivo Study in Rodents
title_short Impact of Nano-Crystalline Diamond Enhanced Hydrophilicity on Cell Proliferation on Machined and SLA Titanium Surfaces: An In-Vivo Study in Rodents
title_full Impact of Nano-Crystalline Diamond Enhanced Hydrophilicity on Cell Proliferation on Machined and SLA Titanium Surfaces: An In-Vivo Study in Rodents
title_fullStr Impact of Nano-Crystalline Diamond Enhanced Hydrophilicity on Cell Proliferation on Machined and SLA Titanium Surfaces: An In-Vivo Study in Rodents
title_full_unstemmed Impact of Nano-Crystalline Diamond Enhanced Hydrophilicity on Cell Proliferation on Machined and SLA Titanium Surfaces: An In-Vivo Study in Rodents
title_sort impact of nano-crystalline diamond enhanced hydrophilicity on cell proliferation on machined and sla titanium surfaces: an in-vivo study in rodents
publisher MDPI AG
series Nanomaterials
issn 2079-4991
publishDate 2018-07-01
description By coating surfaces with nano-crystalline diamond (NCD) particles, hydrophilicity can be altered via sidechain modifications without affecting surface texture. The present study aimed to assess the impact of NCD hydrophilicity on machined and rough SLA titanium discs on soft tissue integration, using a rodent model simulating submerged healing. Four different titanium discs (machined titanium = M Titanium, NCD-coated hydrophilic machined titanium = M-O-NCD, sand blasted acid etched (SLA Titanium) titanium, and hydrophilic NCD-coated SLA titanium = SLA O-NCD) were inserted in subdermal pockets of 12 Wistar rats. After one and four weeks of healing, the animals were sacrificed. Biopsies were embedded in methyl methacrylate (MMA), and processed for histology. The number of cells located within a region of interest (ROI) of 10 µm around the discs were counted and compared statistically. Signs of inflammation were evaluated descriptively employing immunohistochemistry. At one week, M-O-NCD coated titanium discs showed significantly higher amounts of cells compared to M Titanium, SLA Titanium, and SLA-O-NCD (p < 0.001). At four weeks, significant higher cell counts were noted at SLA-O-NCD surfaces (p < 0.01). Immunohistochemistry revealed decreased inflammatory responses at hydrophilic surfaces. Within the limits of an animal study, M-O-NCD surfaces seem to stimulate cell proliferation in the initial healing phase, whereas SLA-O-NCD surfaces appeared advantageous afterwards.
topic cell proliferation
soft-tissue healing
chemical surface modification
surface treatment
hydrophilicitiy
nano-crystalline diamond coating
url http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/7/524
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