Tree-Based Multihop Routing Method for Energy Efficiency of Wireless Sensor Networks

• Main Authors: Jin Yong, Zhou Lin, Wei Qian, Bai Ke, Wang Chen, Li Ji-fang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hindawi Limited 2021-01-01
• Series: Journal of Sensors
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6671978

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), due to the limited energy of sensor nodes, how to design efficient hierarchical routing algorithms to balance network resources and extend network life is an important problem to be solved. Aiming at the problems such as random selection of cluster head, redundancy of working node, and construction of cluster head transmission path, which affect network energy consumption, this paper proposes a multihop routing algorithm based on path tree (MHRA-PT) to optimize the network energy. Firstly, some nodes are those close to the base station and have large remaining energy which are selected to construct a cluster head set. Then, after clustering, each cluster is divided into different regions, and in each region, nodes with residual energy greater than the average residual energy of the cluster are selected as a working node. Finally, the cluster heads are sorted according to their distance from base station, and the next hop node is selected for each cluster head in turn until a path tree rooted at base station is formed completely, leading to data transmission from working node to base station. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce network energy consumption, balance network resources, and prolong network life cycle.