Real-time nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the study of biomolecular kinetics and dynamics

• Main Authors: G. Pintér, K. F. Hohmann, J. T. Grün, J. Wirmer-Bartoschek, C. Glaubitz, B. Fürtig, H. Schwalbe
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Copernicus Publications 2021-05-01
• Series: Magnetic Resonance
• Online Access: https://mr.copernicus.org/articles/2/291/2021/mr-2-291-2021.pdf

<p>The review describes the application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study kinetics of folding, refolding and aggregation of proteins, RNA and DNA. Time-resolved NMR experiments can be conducted in a reversible or an irreversible manner. In particular, irreversible folding experiments pose large requirements for (i) signal-to-noise due to the time limitations and (ii) synchronising of the refolding steps. Thus, this contribution discusses the application of methods for signal-to-noise increases, including dynamic nuclear polarisation, hyperpolarisation and photo-CIDNP for the study of time-resolved NMR studies. Further, methods are reviewed ranging from pressure and temperature jump, light induction to rapid mixing to induce rapidly non-equilibrium conditions required to initiate folding.</p>