Underwater wire-feed laser deposition of the Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy

Underwater wire-feed laser deposition (UWLD) of the Ti–6Al–4V alloy was firstly carried out utilizing a laser deposition nozzle, and the deposition appearance, geometry characteristics, microstructure and microhardness of deposited tracks were studied. At a lower gas flow rate, the absorption of res...

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Main Authors: Yunlong Fu, Ning Guo, Li Zhou, Qi Cheng, Jicai Feng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2020-01-01
Series:Materials & Design
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127519307221
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spelling doaj-709add24f7b442b1962c04db56371a232020-11-25T02:17:54ZengElsevierMaterials & Design0264-12752020-01-01186Underwater wire-feed laser deposition of the Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloyYunlong Fu0Ning Guo1Li Zhou2Qi Cheng3Jicai Feng4State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Special Welding Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Special Welding Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China; Shandong Institute of Shipbuilding Technology, Weihai, 264209, China; Corresponding author. No.2 Wenhuaxi Road, Weihai, 264209, China.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Special Welding Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Special Welding Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Special Welding Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, ChinaUnderwater wire-feed laser deposition (UWLD) of the Ti–6Al–4V alloy was firstly carried out utilizing a laser deposition nozzle, and the deposition appearance, geometry characteristics, microstructure and microhardness of deposited tracks were studied. At a lower gas flow rate, the absorption of residual water and scattering of aerosol particles on laser beam caused UWLD instability and decreased molten metal wettability. Upon increasing the gas flow rate, the aerosol particle density decreased, increasing the laser density and decreasing the cooling rate of molten metal; thus, the height and deposition angle of UWLD track decreased as the corresponding width and fusion depth increased. The microstructures of the deposited metal at a gas flow rate of 10 L/min were composed of the coarse lath α phase in upper region and the acicular martensite α′ with different size scales in middle and bottom regions. With increasing the gas flow rate to 20 L/min, the microstructure was primarily acicular martensite along with a small amount of α phase, and the martensite exhibited a larger grain size and stronger texture. At a gas flow rate of 20 L/min, the deposited process was stable and uniform deposition track without oxidation layer was obtained for UWLD Ti–6Al–4V alloy. Keywords: Underwater wire-based laser deposition, Ti–6Al–4V alloy, Geometrical characteristics, Laser propagation mechanism, Microstructure, Microhardnesshttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127519307221
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Yunlong Fu
Ning Guo
Li Zhou
Qi Cheng
Jicai Feng
spellingShingle Yunlong Fu
Ning Guo
Li Zhou
Qi Cheng
Jicai Feng
Underwater wire-feed laser deposition of the Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy
Materials & Design
author_facet Yunlong Fu
Ning Guo
Li Zhou
Qi Cheng
Jicai Feng
author_sort Yunlong Fu
title Underwater wire-feed laser deposition of the Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy
title_short Underwater wire-feed laser deposition of the Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy
title_full Underwater wire-feed laser deposition of the Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy
title_fullStr Underwater wire-feed laser deposition of the Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy
title_full_unstemmed Underwater wire-feed laser deposition of the Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy
title_sort underwater wire-feed laser deposition of the ti–6al–4v titanium alloy
publisher Elsevier
series Materials & Design
issn 0264-1275
publishDate 2020-01-01
description Underwater wire-feed laser deposition (UWLD) of the Ti–6Al–4V alloy was firstly carried out utilizing a laser deposition nozzle, and the deposition appearance, geometry characteristics, microstructure and microhardness of deposited tracks were studied. At a lower gas flow rate, the absorption of residual water and scattering of aerosol particles on laser beam caused UWLD instability and decreased molten metal wettability. Upon increasing the gas flow rate, the aerosol particle density decreased, increasing the laser density and decreasing the cooling rate of molten metal; thus, the height and deposition angle of UWLD track decreased as the corresponding width and fusion depth increased. The microstructures of the deposited metal at a gas flow rate of 10 L/min were composed of the coarse lath α phase in upper region and the acicular martensite α′ with different size scales in middle and bottom regions. With increasing the gas flow rate to 20 L/min, the microstructure was primarily acicular martensite along with a small amount of α phase, and the martensite exhibited a larger grain size and stronger texture. At a gas flow rate of 20 L/min, the deposited process was stable and uniform deposition track without oxidation layer was obtained for UWLD Ti–6Al–4V alloy. Keywords: Underwater wire-based laser deposition, Ti–6Al–4V alloy, Geometrical characteristics, Laser propagation mechanism, Microstructure, Microhardness
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127519307221
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AT ningguo underwaterwirefeedlaserdepositionoftheti6al4vtitaniumalloy
AT lizhou underwaterwirefeedlaserdepositionoftheti6al4vtitaniumalloy
AT qicheng underwaterwirefeedlaserdepositionoftheti6al4vtitaniumalloy
AT jicaifeng underwaterwirefeedlaserdepositionoftheti6al4vtitaniumalloy
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