Історичні етапи впровадження обов'язкового медичного страхування в республіці Молдова / The history of the mandatory medical insurance implementation in republic of Moldova

• Main Authors: Єцко Констянтин, Буга М, Дамашкан Г.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bukovinian State Medical university 2015-03-01
• Series: Aktualʹnì Pitannâ Suspìlʹnih Nauk ta Istorìï Medicini
• Subjects: здоров’я; обов’язкове медичне страхування; республіка Молдова; охорона здоров’я; health; mandatory health insurance Republic Moldova; health care
• Online Access: https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=YnNtdS5lZHUudWF8YXBzbmltfGd4OjZjYTBjMzhjMDA1ZGU0MGQ

Ецко К., Буга М., Дамашкан В. Історичні етапи впровадження обов'язкового медичного страхування в республіці Молдова Модель обов'язкового медичного страхування, впроваджена в Республіці Молдова, містить загальні елементи, характерні для систем соціального страхування в охороні здоров'я інших країн, особливо європейських, і базується на таких основних принципах, як солідарність, справедливість, універсальний доступ до послуг охорони здоров'я.Ключові слова: здоров’я, обов’язкове медичне страхування, республіка Молдова, охорона здоров’я.Yetsko K., Buga M., Damashkan G. THE HISTORY OF THE MANDATORY MEDICAL INSUARANCE IMPLEMENTATION IN REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA The beginning of the 2000s was characterized by a high proportion of the hospital sector costs (75 – 80%), high level of patients hospitalization (200 – 210 patients per 1000 population), shortage of primary care physiccians trained in family medicineand extensive involvement of specialists for con- sultative assistance in the primary sector (30%). An important stage in the health care reform was the adoption in 1998 of the “mandatory medical insurance” law, and in 2004 the be- ginning of mandatory health insurance (MHI). In result there was achieved a significant increase in health financing (from 937,5 mil. lei in 2004 to 4226,1 mil. lei in 2013); the creation of the single centralized fund, allowing the redistribution of risks; the change in the medical institutions status and their funding based on the contract; the approval of a Single Package of health services; the increase in population’s access to health services. Model of mandatory medical insurance, introduced in the Republic of Moldova contains the common elements, specific to the social insurance systems in health care in other countries, especially European and based on the following principles: solidarity, the fundamental principle of social insurance in health care, meaning that the healthy people pay for the sick, the young pay for the old, rich person pay for the poor; justice in health care provision, including for vulnerable groups; universal access to health services, with special emphasis on primary care, and disease prevention. The proposed model does not exclude the existence, and even encourages voluntary health insurance. In a short period, were developed and approved a number of laws and other normative acts. Also need a more detailed analysis of the legal documents approved in order to protect public health and the strengthening of patients ' rights, labour rights of health workers and teams of health care providers. Key words: health, mandatory health insurance Republic Moldova, health care.