Leukocyte Composition and Immunophenotype of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Children and Adolescents, Who are DAAb-Positive and DAAb-Negative in Terms of Diabetes-Associated Autoantibodies, on the Preclinical and Early Clinical Stages of Type 1 Diabet

• Main Author: V.V. Popova
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Publishing House Zaslavsky 2015-03-01
• Series: Zdorovʹe Rebenka
• Subjects: type 1 diabetes mellitus; diabetes-associated autoantibodies; immunity.
• Online Access: http://childshealth.zaslavsky.com.ua/article/view/75085
• ISSN: 2224-0551; 2307-1168

The article analyzed the data about the features of leukocyte composition and immunophenotype of peripheral blood (PB) lymphocytes in children and adolescents: 94 DAAb-positive and 272 DAAb-negative in terms of diabetes-associated autoantibodies (DAAbs) content, 49 DAAb-positive patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) and 84 children from the control group, on the preclinical and early clinical stages of DM1. Evaluation of the content and analysis of distribution of lymphocytes with different immunophenotype was performed by flow cytometry method, and determination of DAAbs — using radioimmunoassay technique. It is found that the most significant changes in adaptive and natural immunity occur on the preclinical stage of the disease, which is caused by the most active phase of the autoimmune process. In preclinical period of DM1, in DAAb-positive children we have recorded an increase in the absolute number of monocytes and reduced number of natural killer cells (CD56+- lymphocytes/large granule-containing leukocytes) in the PB, indicating a pathogenetically significant weakening of innate immunity on this stage of the disease. Latent, preclinical period of DM1 in children with elevated titers of DAAb to islet antigens compared to marker-negative patients in terms of DAAb presence and healthy children from the control group has been characterized by impaired adaptive immunity — a reduction in blood flow of total number of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T-cells, which are material substrate of determined autoimmune aggression on the preclinical stage of DM1.