Omega Class Glutathione S-Transferase: Antioxidant Enzyme in Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

The omega class glutathione S-transferases (GSTOs) are multifunctional enzymes involved in cellular defense and have distinct structural and functional characteristics, which differ from those of other GSTs. Previous studies provided evidence for the neuroprotective effects of GSTOs. However, the mo...

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Main Authors: Youngjo Kim, Sun Joo Cha, Hyun-Jun Choi, Kiyoung Kim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2017-01-01
Series:Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5049532
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spelling doaj-7047a248c7284baf9bea4f81497b105f2020-11-24T22:50:37ZengHindawi LimitedOxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity1942-09001942-09942017-01-01201710.1155/2017/50495325049532Omega Class Glutathione S-Transferase: Antioxidant Enzyme in Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative DiseasesYoungjo Kim0Sun Joo Cha1Hyun-Jun Choi2Kiyoung Kim3Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of KoreaSoonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of KoreaSoonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of KoreaSoonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of KoreaThe omega class glutathione S-transferases (GSTOs) are multifunctional enzymes involved in cellular defense and have distinct structural and functional characteristics, which differ from those of other GSTs. Previous studies provided evidence for the neuroprotective effects of GSTOs. However, the molecular mechanisms underpinning the neuroprotective functions of GSTOs have not been fully elucidated. Recently, our genetic and molecular studies using the Drosophila system have suggested that GstO1 has a protective function against H2O2-induced neurotoxicity by regulating the MAPK signaling pathway, and GstO2 is required for the activation of mitochondrial ATP synthase in the Drosophila neurodegenerative disease model. The comprehensive understanding of various neuroprotection mechanisms of Drosophila GstOs from our studies provides valuable insight into the neuroprotective functions of GstOs in vivo. In this review, we briefly introduce recent studies and summarize the novel biological functions and mechanisms underpinning neuroprotective effects of GstOs in Drosophila.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5049532
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Youngjo Kim
Sun Joo Cha
Hyun-Jun Choi
Kiyoung Kim
spellingShingle Youngjo Kim
Sun Joo Cha
Hyun-Jun Choi
Kiyoung Kim
Omega Class Glutathione S-Transferase: Antioxidant Enzyme in Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
author_facet Youngjo Kim
Sun Joo Cha
Hyun-Jun Choi
Kiyoung Kim
author_sort Youngjo Kim
title Omega Class Glutathione S-Transferase: Antioxidant Enzyme in Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_short Omega Class Glutathione S-Transferase: Antioxidant Enzyme in Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_full Omega Class Glutathione S-Transferase: Antioxidant Enzyme in Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_fullStr Omega Class Glutathione S-Transferase: Antioxidant Enzyme in Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Omega Class Glutathione S-Transferase: Antioxidant Enzyme in Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_sort omega class glutathione s-transferase: antioxidant enzyme in pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases
publisher Hindawi Limited
series Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
issn 1942-0900
1942-0994
publishDate 2017-01-01
description The omega class glutathione S-transferases (GSTOs) are multifunctional enzymes involved in cellular defense and have distinct structural and functional characteristics, which differ from those of other GSTs. Previous studies provided evidence for the neuroprotective effects of GSTOs. However, the molecular mechanisms underpinning the neuroprotective functions of GSTOs have not been fully elucidated. Recently, our genetic and molecular studies using the Drosophila system have suggested that GstO1 has a protective function against H2O2-induced neurotoxicity by regulating the MAPK signaling pathway, and GstO2 is required for the activation of mitochondrial ATP synthase in the Drosophila neurodegenerative disease model. The comprehensive understanding of various neuroprotection mechanisms of Drosophila GstOs from our studies provides valuable insight into the neuroprotective functions of GstOs in vivo. In this review, we briefly introduce recent studies and summarize the novel biological functions and mechanisms underpinning neuroprotective effects of GstOs in Drosophila.
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5049532
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