Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape

Current research has demonstrated that small cationic amphipathic peptides have strong potential not only as antimicrobials, but also as antibiofilm agents, immune modulators, and anti-inflammatories. Although traditionally termed antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) these additional roles have prompted a...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Evan F. Haney, Suzana K. Straus, Robert E. W. Hancock
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-02-01
Series:Frontiers in Chemistry
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fchem.2019.00043/full
id doaj-6fa96e3aa5ba41c58f599db57f852107
record_format Article
spelling doaj-6fa96e3aa5ba41c58f599db57f8521072020-11-24T21:09:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Chemistry2296-26462019-02-01710.3389/fchem.2019.00043435645Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide LandscapeEvan F. Haney0Suzana K. Straus1Robert E. W. Hancock2Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaDepartment of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaCentre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaCurrent research has demonstrated that small cationic amphipathic peptides have strong potential not only as antimicrobials, but also as antibiofilm agents, immune modulators, and anti-inflammatories. Although traditionally termed antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) these additional roles have prompted a shift in terminology to use the broader term host defense peptides (HDPs) to capture the multi-functional nature of these molecules. In this review, we critically examined the role of AMPs and HDPs in infectious diseases and inflammation. It is generally accepted that HDPs are multi-faceted mediators of a wide range of biological processes, with individual activities dependent on their polypeptide sequence. In this context, we explore the concept of chemical space as it applies to HDPs and hypothesize that the various functions and activities of this class of molecule exist on independent but overlapping activity landscapes. Finally, we outline several emerging functions and roles of HDPs and highlight how an improved understanding of these processes can potentially be leveraged to more fully realize the therapeutic promise of HDPs.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fchem.2019.00043/fullantimicrobial peptideantibiofilm peptidehost defense peptidechemical spacepeptide therapeutics
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Evan F. Haney
Suzana K. Straus
Robert E. W. Hancock
spellingShingle Evan F. Haney
Suzana K. Straus
Robert E. W. Hancock
Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape
Frontiers in Chemistry
antimicrobial peptide
antibiofilm peptide
host defense peptide
chemical space
peptide therapeutics
author_facet Evan F. Haney
Suzana K. Straus
Robert E. W. Hancock
author_sort Evan F. Haney
title Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape
title_short Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape
title_full Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape
title_fullStr Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape
title_full_unstemmed Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape
title_sort reassessing the host defense peptide landscape
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
series Frontiers in Chemistry
issn 2296-2646
publishDate 2019-02-01
description Current research has demonstrated that small cationic amphipathic peptides have strong potential not only as antimicrobials, but also as antibiofilm agents, immune modulators, and anti-inflammatories. Although traditionally termed antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) these additional roles have prompted a shift in terminology to use the broader term host defense peptides (HDPs) to capture the multi-functional nature of these molecules. In this review, we critically examined the role of AMPs and HDPs in infectious diseases and inflammation. It is generally accepted that HDPs are multi-faceted mediators of a wide range of biological processes, with individual activities dependent on their polypeptide sequence. In this context, we explore the concept of chemical space as it applies to HDPs and hypothesize that the various functions and activities of this class of molecule exist on independent but overlapping activity landscapes. Finally, we outline several emerging functions and roles of HDPs and highlight how an improved understanding of these processes can potentially be leveraged to more fully realize the therapeutic promise of HDPs.
topic antimicrobial peptide
antibiofilm peptide
host defense peptide
chemical space
peptide therapeutics
url https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fchem.2019.00043/full
work_keys_str_mv AT evanfhaney reassessingthehostdefensepeptidelandscape
AT suzanakstraus reassessingthehostdefensepeptidelandscape
AT robertewhancock reassessingthehostdefensepeptidelandscape
_version_ 1716757797523161088