Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape
Current research has demonstrated that small cationic amphipathic peptides have strong potential not only as antimicrobials, but also as antibiofilm agents, immune modulators, and anti-inflammatories. Although traditionally termed antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) these additional roles have prompted a...
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doaj-6fa96e3aa5ba41c58f599db57f8521072020-11-24T21:09:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Chemistry2296-26462019-02-01710.3389/fchem.2019.00043435645Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide LandscapeEvan F. Haney0Suzana K. Straus1Robert E. W. Hancock2Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaDepartment of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaCentre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaCurrent research has demonstrated that small cationic amphipathic peptides have strong potential not only as antimicrobials, but also as antibiofilm agents, immune modulators, and anti-inflammatories. Although traditionally termed antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) these additional roles have prompted a shift in terminology to use the broader term host defense peptides (HDPs) to capture the multi-functional nature of these molecules. In this review, we critically examined the role of AMPs and HDPs in infectious diseases and inflammation. It is generally accepted that HDPs are multi-faceted mediators of a wide range of biological processes, with individual activities dependent on their polypeptide sequence. In this context, we explore the concept of chemical space as it applies to HDPs and hypothesize that the various functions and activities of this class of molecule exist on independent but overlapping activity landscapes. Finally, we outline several emerging functions and roles of HDPs and highlight how an improved understanding of these processes can potentially be leveraged to more fully realize the therapeutic promise of HDPs.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fchem.2019.00043/fullantimicrobial peptideantibiofilm peptidehost defense peptidechemical spacepeptide therapeutics |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Evan F. Haney Suzana K. Straus Robert E. W. Hancock |
spellingShingle |
Evan F. Haney Suzana K. Straus Robert E. W. Hancock Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape Frontiers in Chemistry antimicrobial peptide antibiofilm peptide host defense peptide chemical space peptide therapeutics |
author_facet |
Evan F. Haney Suzana K. Straus Robert E. W. Hancock |
author_sort |
Evan F. Haney |
title |
Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape |
title_short |
Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape |
title_full |
Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape |
title_fullStr |
Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape |
title_full_unstemmed |
Reassessing the Host Defense Peptide Landscape |
title_sort |
reassessing the host defense peptide landscape |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Chemistry |
issn |
2296-2646 |
publishDate |
2019-02-01 |
description |
Current research has demonstrated that small cationic amphipathic peptides have strong potential not only as antimicrobials, but also as antibiofilm agents, immune modulators, and anti-inflammatories. Although traditionally termed antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) these additional roles have prompted a shift in terminology to use the broader term host defense peptides (HDPs) to capture the multi-functional nature of these molecules. In this review, we critically examined the role of AMPs and HDPs in infectious diseases and inflammation. It is generally accepted that HDPs are multi-faceted mediators of a wide range of biological processes, with individual activities dependent on their polypeptide sequence. In this context, we explore the concept of chemical space as it applies to HDPs and hypothesize that the various functions and activities of this class of molecule exist on independent but overlapping activity landscapes. Finally, we outline several emerging functions and roles of HDPs and highlight how an improved understanding of these processes can potentially be leveraged to more fully realize the therapeutic promise of HDPs. |
topic |
antimicrobial peptide antibiofilm peptide host defense peptide chemical space peptide therapeutics |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fchem.2019.00043/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT evanfhaney reassessingthehostdefensepeptidelandscape AT suzanakstraus reassessingthehostdefensepeptidelandscape AT robertewhancock reassessingthehostdefensepeptidelandscape |
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