MICROMICETES QUANTITY AND BIOMASS IN TECHNOGENIC AND NATURAL SOILS

• Main Authors: O. N. Korinovskaya, V. N. Gryshko
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bogdan Chmelnitskiy Melitopol State Pedagogical University 2014-08-01
• Series: Bìologìčnij Vìsnik Melìtopolʹsʹkogo Deržavnogo Pedagogìčnogo Universitetu Imenì Bogdana Hmelʹnicʹkogo
• Online Access: http://ojs.mdpu.org.ua/index.php/biol/article/view/885

It is shown that in edaphotopes around of freight checkpoint of CJSC «Krivorozhskiy Surikovyy Zavod», ore-enrichment factory and fresh-inwashed pool of tailings dam of PJSC «Northern Iron Ore Enrichment Works» there is an increase of heavy metals mobile forms (which are the most dangerous for microorganisms, plants, animals and human): for iron in 310; for zinc - in 4,3-6,5; for lead - in 3.2-5.7; for cadmium - in 5,6-9,8; for copper – 6,8-66,5 and for nickel - in 9 times as compared to zonal soil. Whereas in soils of CJSC «Krivorozhskiy Surikovyy Zavod» sanitary protection zone number of copper, nickel, lead, cadmium and zinc mobile forms exceeded the control values in 2,4-6,6 times. For the first time the features of soil microscopic fungi seasonal dynamics of quantity in industrial disturbed soils of Kryvorizhzhya compared to zonal soil (chernozem usual) were registered. Changes in fungal mycelium length and biomass, its spore’s amount and biomass in edaphotopes of ore-enrichment and chemical enterprises and of common chernozem are also presented. It is shown that in edaphotopes of heavy contamination areas of «Krivorozhskiy Surikovyy Zavod» and of «Northern Iron Ore Enrichment Works» in spring, summer, and autumn there was decrease of microscopic fungi quantity in 4-10 times, moreover in tehnozems of «Northern Iron Ore Enrichment Works» fresh-inwashed pool of tailings dam their amount reduces in more than 100 times, compared with common chernozem. In low contamination area of «Krivorozhskiy Surikovyy Zavod» their quantity decreases in 2 times. Also in heavy contamination areas of chemical and ore-enrichment enterprises there is strong decrease in the length of fungal mycelium in 2.7-4.2 times, its biomass in 2,6-4,5 times, the spores amount - in 4,5-7,7 times and their biomass - in 10,5-21 times compared to the natural soil, which could be explained by high contents of toxicants. While in the sanitary protection zone of the «Krivorozhskiy Surikovyy Zavod» the fungal mycelium length and biomass were in 1.2-1.4 times and the spores amount and biomass – in 1.5-1.7 times less than in the natural soil. Key words: mycromycetes, contamination, soil, quantity, biomass, heavy metals.