Effects of caudal block in pediatric surgical patients: a randomized clinical trial

Background: Surgery generates a neuroendocrine stress response, resulting in undesirable hemodynamic instability, alterations in metabolic response and malfunctioning of the immune system. Objectives: The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of caudal blocks in intra- and postoper...

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Main Authors: Anna Uram Benka, Marina Pandurov, Izabella Fabri Galambos, Goran Rakić, Vladimir Vrsajkov, Biljana Drašković
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2020-03-01
Series:Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0104001420300075
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author Anna Uram Benka
Marina Pandurov
Izabella Fabri Galambos
Goran Rakić
Vladimir Vrsajkov
Biljana Drašković
spellingShingle Anna Uram Benka
Marina Pandurov
Izabella Fabri Galambos
Goran Rakić
Vladimir Vrsajkov
Biljana Drašković
Effects of caudal block in pediatric surgical patients: a randomized clinical trial
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Bloqueio caudal
Reposta ao estresse
Anestesia geral
Crianças
author_facet Anna Uram Benka
Marina Pandurov
Izabella Fabri Galambos
Goran Rakić
Vladimir Vrsajkov
Biljana Drašković
author_sort Anna Uram Benka
title Effects of caudal block in pediatric surgical patients: a randomized clinical trial
title_short Effects of caudal block in pediatric surgical patients: a randomized clinical trial
title_full Effects of caudal block in pediatric surgical patients: a randomized clinical trial
title_fullStr Effects of caudal block in pediatric surgical patients: a randomized clinical trial
title_full_unstemmed Effects of caudal block in pediatric surgical patients: a randomized clinical trial
title_sort effects of caudal block in pediatric surgical patients: a randomized clinical trial
publisher Elsevier
series Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
issn 0104-0014
publishDate 2020-03-01
description Background: Surgery generates a neuroendocrine stress response, resulting in undesirable hemodynamic instability, alterations in metabolic response and malfunctioning of the immune system. Objectives: The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of caudal blocks in intra- and postoperative pain management and in reducing the stress response in children during the same periods. Methods: This prospective, randomized clinical trial included 60 patients scheduled for elective herniorrhaphy. One group (n = 30) received general anesthesia and the other (n = 30) received general anesthesia with a caudal block. Hemodynamic parameters, drug consumption and pain intensity were measured. Blood samples for serum glucose and cortisol level were taken before anesthesia induction and after awakening the patient. Results: Children who received a caudal block had significantly lower serum glucose (p <  0.01), cortisol concentrations (p <  0.01) and pain scores 3 h (p =  0.002) and 6 h (p =  0.003) after the operation, greater hemodynamic stability and lower drug consumption. Also, there were no side effects or complications identified in that group. Conclusions: The combination of caudal block with general anesthesia is a safe method that leads to less stress, greater hemodynamic stability, lower pain scores and lower consumption of medication. Resumo: Justificativa: O estresse cirúrgico causa resposta neuroendócrina, resultando em instabilidade hemodinâmica indesejável, modificações na resposta metabólica e disfunção no sistema imune. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar em pacientes pediátricos a eficácia do bloqueio peridural caudal no controle da dor intra e pós-operatória e na redução da resposta ao estresse nesses períodos. Métodos: Estudo clínico prospectivo randomizado que incluiu 60 pacientes submetidos à herniorrafia eletiva. Um grupo (n = 30) recebeu anestesia geral, e o outro (n = 30) anestesia geral combinada a bloqueio caudal. Foram medidos os parâmetros hemodinâmicos, o consumo de drogas e a intensidade da dor. Amostras de sangue para medir glicemia e cortisol plasmático foram obtidas antes da indução e após o despertar dos pacientes. Resultados: As crianças que receberam bloqueio peridural caudal apresentaram valores significantemente mais baixos para glicemia (p <  0,01), concentração de cortisol (p <  0,01) e escores de dor de 3 horas (p =  0,002 e 6 horas p =  0,003 após a cirurgia, maior estabilidade hemodinâmica e menor consumo de drogas. Além disso, não foram observados efeitos colaterais ou complicações neste grupo. Conclusões: O bloqueio peridural caudal combinado à anestesia geral é uma técnica segura e que se associa o menor estresse, maior estabilidade hemodinâmica, redução nos escores de dor e baixo consumo de drogas.
topic Bloqueio caudal
Reposta ao estresse
Anestesia geral
Crianças
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0104001420300075
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spelling doaj-6db44a471bd64da09cf194553592ce9c2020-11-25T03:05:51ZengElsevierBrazilian Journal of Anesthesiology0104-00142020-03-0170297103Effects of caudal block in pediatric surgical patients: a randomized clinical trialAnna Uram Benka0Marina Pandurov1Izabella Fabri Galambos2Goran Rakić3Vladimir Vrsajkov4Biljana Drašković5University of Novi Sad, Medical Faculty, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia; Institute for the Healthcare of Children and Youth of Vojvodina, Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Department for Pediatric Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Novi Sad, SerbiaUniversity of Novi Sad, Medical Faculty, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia; Institute for the Healthcare of Children and Youth of Vojvodina, Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Department for Pediatric Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Novi Sad, Serbia; Corresponding author.University of Novi Sad, Medical Faculty, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia; Institute for the Healthcare of Children and Youth of Vojvodina, Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Department for Pediatric Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Novi Sad, SerbiaInstitute for the Healthcare of Children and Youth of Vojvodina, Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Department for Pediatric Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Novi Sad, Serbia; University of Novi Sad, Medical Faculty, Department of Emergency Medicine, Novi Sad, SerbiaUniversity of Novi Sad, Medical Faculty, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia; Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Clinic of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Novi Sad, SerbiaUniversity of Novi Sad, Medical Faculty, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia; Institute for the Healthcare of Children and Youth of Vojvodina, Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Department for Pediatric Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Novi Sad, SerbiaBackground: Surgery generates a neuroendocrine stress response, resulting in undesirable hemodynamic instability, alterations in metabolic response and malfunctioning of the immune system. Objectives: The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of caudal blocks in intra- and postoperative pain management and in reducing the stress response in children during the same periods. Methods: This prospective, randomized clinical trial included 60 patients scheduled for elective herniorrhaphy. One group (n = 30) received general anesthesia and the other (n = 30) received general anesthesia with a caudal block. Hemodynamic parameters, drug consumption and pain intensity were measured. Blood samples for serum glucose and cortisol level were taken before anesthesia induction and after awakening the patient. Results: Children who received a caudal block had significantly lower serum glucose (p <  0.01), cortisol concentrations (p <  0.01) and pain scores 3 h (p =  0.002) and 6 h (p =  0.003) after the operation, greater hemodynamic stability and lower drug consumption. Also, there were no side effects or complications identified in that group. Conclusions: The combination of caudal block with general anesthesia is a safe method that leads to less stress, greater hemodynamic stability, lower pain scores and lower consumption of medication. Resumo: Justificativa: O estresse cirúrgico causa resposta neuroendócrina, resultando em instabilidade hemodinâmica indesejável, modificações na resposta metabólica e disfunção no sistema imune. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar em pacientes pediátricos a eficácia do bloqueio peridural caudal no controle da dor intra e pós-operatória e na redução da resposta ao estresse nesses períodos. Métodos: Estudo clínico prospectivo randomizado que incluiu 60 pacientes submetidos à herniorrafia eletiva. Um grupo (n = 30) recebeu anestesia geral, e o outro (n = 30) anestesia geral combinada a bloqueio caudal. Foram medidos os parâmetros hemodinâmicos, o consumo de drogas e a intensidade da dor. Amostras de sangue para medir glicemia e cortisol plasmático foram obtidas antes da indução e após o despertar dos pacientes. Resultados: As crianças que receberam bloqueio peridural caudal apresentaram valores significantemente mais baixos para glicemia (p <  0,01), concentração de cortisol (p <  0,01) e escores de dor de 3 horas (p =  0,002 e 6 horas p =  0,003 após a cirurgia, maior estabilidade hemodinâmica e menor consumo de drogas. Além disso, não foram observados efeitos colaterais ou complicações neste grupo. Conclusões: O bloqueio peridural caudal combinado à anestesia geral é uma técnica segura e que se associa o menor estresse, maior estabilidade hemodinâmica, redução nos escores de dor e baixo consumo de drogas.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0104001420300075Bloqueio caudalReposta ao estresseAnestesia geralCrianças