The Frequency of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Hepatitis C at a Public Sector Liver Centre in Pakistan

Background: Co-morbid anxiety and depression are associated with hepatitis C. Co- morbid depression is associated with increased medical symptom burden, poor quality of life and poor adherence to self-care regimens. However, in Pakistan, the data assessing the psychiatric aspect of Hepatitis C is l...

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Main Authors: Mujtaba Haider Bukhari, Ahsan Tariq, Muhammad Sumeed Khalid, Ali Sufyan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Rawalpindi Medical University 2019-12-01
Series:Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.journalrmc.com/index.php/JRMC/article/view/1286
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spelling doaj-6cf1aaa260db4ed399f2d519e0659f092020-11-25T03:41:09ZengRawalpindi Medical UniversityJournal of Rawalpindi Medical College1683-35621683-35702019-12-0123S-2The Frequency of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Hepatitis C at a Public Sector Liver Centre in PakistanMujtaba Haider BukhariAhsan TariqMuhammad Sumeed KhalidAli Sufyan Background: Co-morbid anxiety and depression are associated with hepatitis C. Co- morbid depression is associated with increased medical symptom burden, poor quality of life and poor adherence to self-care regimens. However, in Pakistan, the data assessing the psychiatric aspect of Hepatitis C is limited. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of anxiety and depression in patients with Hepatitis C at a public sector liver centre in Pakistan. Methods: Participants who were positive for hepatitis C were selected by non-probability convenience sampling. Informed consent was taken verbally and a questionnaire-based interview was implied. The questionnaire scored anxiety and depression on a verified Urdu translated version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Data was analysed with SPSS v. 22. Results: Out of 146 participants 40% were males and 60% were females with an average age of 47.2 years. Anxiety and depression were present in 47.9% and 41.8% patients of hepatitis C respectively. There was a significant association of drug use with anxiety (p=0.01) and depression (p=0.03). Urban residency was significantly associated with anxiety (p=0.04). On comparing means it was found that women had a higher average anxiety score compared to the males (10.2 ± 4.6 vs. 9.5 ± 4.6) while males had a higher average depression score compared with females (9.8 ± 4.3 vs. 9.3 ± 4.5). However, the correlation between gender and HADS scores was not significant. Conclusion: There is a high frequency of anxiety and depression among hepatitis C patients thus regular psychiatric screening, referral, treatment and follow-up is recommended. https://www.journalrmc.com/index.php/JRMC/article/view/1286Anxiety, Depression, Hepatitis C, Hospital Anxiety, Depression Scale
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Mujtaba Haider Bukhari
Ahsan Tariq
Muhammad Sumeed Khalid
Ali Sufyan
spellingShingle Mujtaba Haider Bukhari
Ahsan Tariq
Muhammad Sumeed Khalid
Ali Sufyan
The Frequency of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Hepatitis C at a Public Sector Liver Centre in Pakistan
Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College
Anxiety, Depression, Hepatitis C, Hospital Anxiety, Depression Scale
author_facet Mujtaba Haider Bukhari
Ahsan Tariq
Muhammad Sumeed Khalid
Ali Sufyan
author_sort Mujtaba Haider Bukhari
title The Frequency of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Hepatitis C at a Public Sector Liver Centre in Pakistan
title_short The Frequency of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Hepatitis C at a Public Sector Liver Centre in Pakistan
title_full The Frequency of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Hepatitis C at a Public Sector Liver Centre in Pakistan
title_fullStr The Frequency of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Hepatitis C at a Public Sector Liver Centre in Pakistan
title_full_unstemmed The Frequency of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Hepatitis C at a Public Sector Liver Centre in Pakistan
title_sort frequency of anxiety and depression in patients with hepatitis c at a public sector liver centre in pakistan
publisher Rawalpindi Medical University
series Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College
issn 1683-3562
1683-3570
publishDate 2019-12-01
description Background: Co-morbid anxiety and depression are associated with hepatitis C. Co- morbid depression is associated with increased medical symptom burden, poor quality of life and poor adherence to self-care regimens. However, in Pakistan, the data assessing the psychiatric aspect of Hepatitis C is limited. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of anxiety and depression in patients with Hepatitis C at a public sector liver centre in Pakistan. Methods: Participants who were positive for hepatitis C were selected by non-probability convenience sampling. Informed consent was taken verbally and a questionnaire-based interview was implied. The questionnaire scored anxiety and depression on a verified Urdu translated version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Data was analysed with SPSS v. 22. Results: Out of 146 participants 40% were males and 60% were females with an average age of 47.2 years. Anxiety and depression were present in 47.9% and 41.8% patients of hepatitis C respectively. There was a significant association of drug use with anxiety (p=0.01) and depression (p=0.03). Urban residency was significantly associated with anxiety (p=0.04). On comparing means it was found that women had a higher average anxiety score compared to the males (10.2 ± 4.6 vs. 9.5 ± 4.6) while males had a higher average depression score compared with females (9.8 ± 4.3 vs. 9.3 ± 4.5). However, the correlation between gender and HADS scores was not significant. Conclusion: There is a high frequency of anxiety and depression among hepatitis C patients thus regular psychiatric screening, referral, treatment and follow-up is recommended.
topic Anxiety, Depression, Hepatitis C, Hospital Anxiety, Depression Scale
url https://www.journalrmc.com/index.php/JRMC/article/view/1286
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