Prevalence of Occlusal Traits in the Deciduous Dentition of Children of Kaski District, Nepal

• Main Authors: Prakash Baral, Prakash Budhathoki, Krishna Gopal Bhuju, Bandana Koirala
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Nepal Medical Association 2014-09-01
• Series: Journal of Nepal Medical Association
• Online Access: http://jnma.com.np/jnma/index.php/jnma/article/view/2706
• ISSN: 0028-2715; 1815-672X

Introduction: The prevalence of occlusal traits varies among various populations. Ethnic, genetic and environmental factors are the major contributors, with a role in the specific cause of malocclusion. The aim of this epidemiological study was to assess the prevalence of occlusal traits in the deciduous dentition of children of Kaski District,Nepal. 
 Methods: A total of 506 children (251 girls, 255 boys), aged 3-5 years, were assessed. The occlusion examination was carried out by three examiners, in the school camps,community dental care centre and general health camps, utilizing a mouih mirror and probe. Intra investigator error was calculated using kappa statistics. The data were analyzed by the statistical program SPSS version 17 using the Chi-square test. 
 Results: The present study studied occlusal traits of 506 children (251 girls, 255 boys), aged 3-5 years. The study result showed that bilateral mesial step seen in 40.3%,bilateral flush terminal plane in 33.5%, bilateral distal steps in 8.5%,mesial step one side and flush terminal other side in 12.7%,mesial step one side and distal step other side in 2.6%,flush terminal one side and distal step other side in 2.4%,anterior crossbite in 3%,posterior crossbite in 0.4% and non-spaced dentition in 20% children. 
 Conclusions: Mesial step was the most prevalent followed by straight terminal plane and the distal terminal plane showed least prevalence. There were diverse traits for malocclusion. There was no significant difference(p>0.05) in occlusal traits between male and female children. 
 Keywords: crossbite; distal step; flush terminal plane; mesial step; occlusion.