| Summary: | Purpose — to develop a multidirectional model for detecting hidden corneal lesions in patients after chemical and thermal first or second degree burns with predominant lesion of eyelid or cornea and the timely emergency help with irrigation systems.Patients and methods. 110 patients with thermal and chemical eye burns were examined. All patients underwent a detailed clinical and comprehensive ophthalmological examination. According to results they were divided into groups, depending on the cause of the first and second degree burn. Group 1: the patients with thermal eye burn (n = 45); Group 2: the patients with chemical eye burn (n = 41). Group 3: the patients after an induced chemical burn (alcohol deepithelization with an 18% alcohol solution in LASEK) (n = 27). Group 4: healthy people (n=25). We used computer corneotopography, topography of the cornea and analysis of anterior eye chamber, counting the number of endothelial cells, optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment, confocal microscopy, all tests were determined before and after treatment with irrigation systems.Results. In cases of the I or II degrees chemical burn with a predominant lesion of the cornea — irrigation system is for emergency treatment — a neutral pH buffer solution is 4.9% phosphate salts, possessing amphoteric properties, neutralizing acids and bases. In cases of the I or II degrees thermal burns with predominant damage to the eyelids and conjunctiva — an irrigation system is sterile sodium chloride solution 0.9 %.Conclusions. The model of diagnostics and treatment provides high functional outcomes results in the thermal and chemical burns with predominant lesion of the eyelid or cornea with accurate timely diagnostics of the cornea and use of optimal irrigation solutions for emergency and targeted therapy.
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