Perilymphatic Fistula: A Review of Classification, Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

A perilymphatic fistula (PLF) is an abnormal communication between the perilymph-filled inner ear and the middle ear cavity, mastoid, or intracranial cavity. A PLF most commonly forms when the integrity of the oval or round window is compromised, and it may be trauma-induced or may occur with no kno...

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Main Authors:	Brooke Sarna, Mehdi Abouzari, Catherine Merna, Shahrnaz Jamshidi, Tina Saber, Hamid R. Djalilian
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-09-01
Series:	Frontiers in Neurology
Subjects:	perilymphatic fistula perilymph fistula dizziness vertigo tinnitus association
Online Access:	https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2020.01046/full

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spelling	doaj-69eb80a299cd4a189c9ef54fb6a6070f2020-11-25T03:25:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952020-09-011110.3389/fneur.2020.01046556019Perilymphatic Fistula: A Review of Classification, Etiology, Diagnosis, and TreatmentBrooke Sarna0Mehdi Abouzari1Catherine Merna2Shahrnaz Jamshidi3Tina Saber4Hamid R. Djalilian5Hamid R. Djalilian6Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA, United StatesDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, United StatesA perilymphatic fistula (PLF) is an abnormal communication between the perilymph-filled inner ear and the middle ear cavity, mastoid, or intracranial cavity. A PLF most commonly forms when the integrity of the oval or round window is compromised, and it may be trauma-induced or may occur with no known cause (idiopathic). Controversy regarding the diagnosis of idiopathic PLF has persisted for decades, and the presenting symptoms may be vague. However, potential exists for this condition to be one of the few etiologies of dizziness, tinnitus, and hearing loss that can be treated surgically. The aim of this review is to provide an update on classification, diagnosis, and treatment of PLF. Particular attention will be paid to idiopathic PLF and conditions that may have a similar presentation, with subsequent information on how best to distinguish them. Novel diagnostic criteria for PLF and management strategy for PLF and PLF-like symptoms is presented.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2020.01046/fullperilymphatic fistulaperilymph fistuladizzinessvertigotinnitusassociation
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Brooke Sarna Mehdi Abouzari Catherine Merna Shahrnaz Jamshidi Tina Saber Hamid R. Djalilian Hamid R. Djalilian
spellingShingle	Brooke Sarna Mehdi Abouzari Catherine Merna Shahrnaz Jamshidi Tina Saber Hamid R. Djalilian Hamid R. Djalilian Perilymphatic Fistula: A Review of Classification, Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Frontiers in Neurology perilymphatic fistula perilymph fistula dizziness vertigo tinnitus association
author_facet	Brooke Sarna Mehdi Abouzari Catherine Merna Shahrnaz Jamshidi Tina Saber Hamid R. Djalilian Hamid R. Djalilian
author_sort	Brooke Sarna
title	Perilymphatic Fistula: A Review of Classification, Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment
title_short	Perilymphatic Fistula: A Review of Classification, Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment
title_full	Perilymphatic Fistula: A Review of Classification, Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment
title_fullStr	Perilymphatic Fistula: A Review of Classification, Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment
title_full_unstemmed	Perilymphatic Fistula: A Review of Classification, Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment
title_sort	perilymphatic fistula: a review of classification, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
series	Frontiers in Neurology
issn	1664-2295
publishDate	2020-09-01
description	A perilymphatic fistula (PLF) is an abnormal communication between the perilymph-filled inner ear and the middle ear cavity, mastoid, or intracranial cavity. A PLF most commonly forms when the integrity of the oval or round window is compromised, and it may be trauma-induced or may occur with no known cause (idiopathic). Controversy regarding the diagnosis of idiopathic PLF has persisted for decades, and the presenting symptoms may be vague. However, potential exists for this condition to be one of the few etiologies of dizziness, tinnitus, and hearing loss that can be treated surgically. The aim of this review is to provide an update on classification, diagnosis, and treatment of PLF. Particular attention will be paid to idiopathic PLF and conditions that may have a similar presentation, with subsequent information on how best to distinguish them. Novel diagnostic criteria for PLF and management strategy for PLF and PLF-like symptoms is presented.
topic	perilymphatic fistula perilymph fistula dizziness vertigo tinnitus association
url	https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2020.01046/full
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Perilymphatic Fistula: A Review of Classification, Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

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