Innate immune function in placenta and cord blood of hepatitis C--seropositive mother-infant dyads.

Vertical transmission accounts for the majority of pediatric cases of hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection. In contrast to the adult population who develop persistent viremia in approximately 80% of cases following exposure, the rate of mother-to-child transmission (2-6%) is strikingly low. Protection...

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Main Authors: Christine Waasdorp Hurtado, Lucy Golden-Mason, Megan Brocato, Mona Krull, Michael R Narkewicz, Hugo R Rosen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010-08-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20814429/?tool=EBI
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spelling doaj-69ad647bc8c046b0b704f43a1bfc84412021-03-03T19:54:29ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032010-08-0158e1223210.1371/journal.pone.0012232Innate immune function in placenta and cord blood of hepatitis C--seropositive mother-infant dyads.Christine Waasdorp HurtadoLucy Golden-MasonMegan BrocatoMona KrullMichael R NarkewiczHugo R RosenVertical transmission accounts for the majority of pediatric cases of hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection. In contrast to the adult population who develop persistent viremia in approximately 80% of cases following exposure, the rate of mother-to-child transmission (2-6%) is strikingly low. Protection from vertical transmission likely requires the coordination of multiple components of the immune system. Placenta and decidua provide a direct connection between mother and infant. We hypothesized that innate immune responses would differ across the three compartments (decidua, placenta and cord blood) and that hepatitis C exposure would modify innate immunity in these tissues. The study was comprised of HCV-infected and healthy control mother and infant pairs from whom cord blood, placenta and decidua were collected with isolation of mononuclear cells. Multiparameter flow cytometry was performed to assess the phenotype, intracellular cytokine production and cytotoxicity of the cells. In keeping with a model where the maternal-fetal interface provides antiviral protection, we found a gradient in proportional frequencies of NKT and gammadelta-T cells being higher in placenta than cord blood. Cytotoxicity of NK and NKT cells was enhanced in placenta and placental NKT cytotoxicity was further increased by HCV infection. HCV exposure had multiple effects on innate cells including a decrease in activation markers (CD69, TRAIL and NKp44) on NK cells and a decrease in plasmacytoid dendritic cells in both placenta and cord blood of exposed infants. In summary, the placenta represents an active innate immunological organ that provides antiviral protection against HCV transmission in the majority of cases; the increased incidence in preterm labor previously described in HCV-seropositive mothers may be related to enhanced cytotoxicity of NKT cells.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20814429/?tool=EBI
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Christine Waasdorp Hurtado
Lucy Golden-Mason
Megan Brocato
Mona Krull
Michael R Narkewicz
Hugo R Rosen
spellingShingle Christine Waasdorp Hurtado
Lucy Golden-Mason
Megan Brocato
Mona Krull
Michael R Narkewicz
Hugo R Rosen
Innate immune function in placenta and cord blood of hepatitis C--seropositive mother-infant dyads.
PLoS ONE
author_facet Christine Waasdorp Hurtado
Lucy Golden-Mason
Megan Brocato
Mona Krull
Michael R Narkewicz
Hugo R Rosen
author_sort Christine Waasdorp Hurtado
title Innate immune function in placenta and cord blood of hepatitis C--seropositive mother-infant dyads.
title_short Innate immune function in placenta and cord blood of hepatitis C--seropositive mother-infant dyads.
title_full Innate immune function in placenta and cord blood of hepatitis C--seropositive mother-infant dyads.
title_fullStr Innate immune function in placenta and cord blood of hepatitis C--seropositive mother-infant dyads.
title_full_unstemmed Innate immune function in placenta and cord blood of hepatitis C--seropositive mother-infant dyads.
title_sort innate immune function in placenta and cord blood of hepatitis c--seropositive mother-infant dyads.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
series PLoS ONE
issn 1932-6203
publishDate 2010-08-01
description Vertical transmission accounts for the majority of pediatric cases of hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection. In contrast to the adult population who develop persistent viremia in approximately 80% of cases following exposure, the rate of mother-to-child transmission (2-6%) is strikingly low. Protection from vertical transmission likely requires the coordination of multiple components of the immune system. Placenta and decidua provide a direct connection between mother and infant. We hypothesized that innate immune responses would differ across the three compartments (decidua, placenta and cord blood) and that hepatitis C exposure would modify innate immunity in these tissues. The study was comprised of HCV-infected and healthy control mother and infant pairs from whom cord blood, placenta and decidua were collected with isolation of mononuclear cells. Multiparameter flow cytometry was performed to assess the phenotype, intracellular cytokine production and cytotoxicity of the cells. In keeping with a model where the maternal-fetal interface provides antiviral protection, we found a gradient in proportional frequencies of NKT and gammadelta-T cells being higher in placenta than cord blood. Cytotoxicity of NK and NKT cells was enhanced in placenta and placental NKT cytotoxicity was further increased by HCV infection. HCV exposure had multiple effects on innate cells including a decrease in activation markers (CD69, TRAIL and NKp44) on NK cells and a decrease in plasmacytoid dendritic cells in both placenta and cord blood of exposed infants. In summary, the placenta represents an active innate immunological organ that provides antiviral protection against HCV transmission in the majority of cases; the increased incidence in preterm labor previously described in HCV-seropositive mothers may be related to enhanced cytotoxicity of NKT cells.
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20814429/?tool=EBI
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