Aplastic Anemia induced by Nivolumab before a Treatment of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Myeloid Leukemia

• Main Authors: Wenhan Cheng, Bryan Jackson
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Pensoft Publishers 2019-08-01
• Series: BioDiscovery
• Subjects: Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Nivolumab; Aplastic Ane
• Online Access: https://biodiscovery.pensoft.net/article/37211/download/pdf/

As an Immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICB), nivolumab has demonstrated efficacy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and various other malignancies. Nivolumab is used as an anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) agent. The toxicities are observed in more than 10% of patients, because of its ability, anti-PD-1 will upregulate the activity of T-cells. Over-activated T-cells will cause immune-related adverse events such as Aplastic Anemia (AA). Here, we present a case of an over 60-years old male patient with AML, and the possibility for him to receive an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The patient was treated with nivolumab and subsequently developed AA. As an additional consideration, we will also discuss whether allo-HSCT is transplantable when AA is performed during the treatment of AML.