Période de récolte et caractéristiques de l’huile d’olive de quatre variétés en irrigué dans la région de Meknès au Maroc

• Main Authors: A. MAHHOU, A. JERMMOUNI, A. HADIDDOU, A. OUKABLI, A. MAMOUNI
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II 2014-10-01
• Series: Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires
• Online Access: http://agrimaroc.org/index.php/Actes_IAVH2/article/view/344/292

The objectives of this study were to determine the optimal harvest time and characterization of olive oil of four olive varieties; Arbequina, Dahbia, Haouzia and Menara; under irrigation in the region of Meknes. A varietal effect was found regarding fruit, pulp and stone weights and the ratio pulp/stone. Haouzia showed the largest fruit weight followed by Dahbia, Menara and Arbequina. The Pulp/stone ratio (> 5) is satisfactory for the four varieties with a higher ratio for Haouzia. The relation between these parameters taken individually and maturity index showed a high positive correlation. The oil content per fresh weight reached 23.6% for Menara, 22.5% for Haouzia, 20,0% for Dahbia and 18,0% for Arbequina. The highest polyphenol contents recorded were 1 757 ppm for Arbequina, 2 021 ppm for Dahbia, and 2 120 for Haouzia and Menara. The oil and polyphenols contents were highly and positively correlated with the maturity index. The levels of oleic acid in Haouzia (76.1%), Dahbia (75.3%) and Menara (75.2%) were higher than that in Arbequina (66.2%). The integration of the oil and polyphenols contents allowed to determine an optimal harvest period located between late November and late December.