Black race, sex, and extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk: an observational study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is likely a marker of underlying immune compromise. Our objective was to determine race and sex differences in extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk in order to identify the optimal population in which to asses...

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Main Authors: Lisa Kaltenbach, Warkentin Jon, Erin Holt, Griffin Marie R, Fiske Christina T, Arbogast Patrick G, Sterling Timothy R
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2010-01-01
Series:BMC Infectious Diseases
Online Access:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/10/16
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spelling doaj-6914da0fc3f14526835f11a931c1ecac2020-11-25T03:40:04ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342010-01-011011610.1186/1471-2334-10-16Black race, sex, and extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk: an observational studyLisa KaltenbachWarkentin JonErin HoltGriffin Marie RFiske Christina TArbogast Patrick GSterling Timothy R<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is likely a marker of underlying immune compromise. Our objective was to determine race and sex differences in extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk in order to identify the optimal population in which to assess for host factors associated with extrapulmonary tuberculosis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We performed an observational study of all tuberculosis cases reported to the Tennessee Department of Health, January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2006. We compared the incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis by race and sex. We also examined risk factors associated with extrapulmonary disease among all persons with tuberculosis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Extrapulmonary tuberculosis incidence per 100,000 population was 5.93 in black men, 3.21 in black women, 1.01 in non-black men, and 0.58 in non-black women. Among those with tuberculosis, black women were most likely to have extrapulmonary disease (38.6%), followed by black men (28.1%), non-black women (24.6%) and non-black men (21.1%). In multivariate logistic regression among persons with tuberculosis, black women (OR 1.82 (95% CI 1.24-2.65), p = 0.002), black men (OR 1.54 (95% CI 1.13-2.09, p = 0.006), foreign birth (OR 1.55 (95% CI 1.12-2.14), p = 0.009), and HIV infection (OR 1.45 (95% CI 0.99-2.11), p = 0.06) were associated with extrapulmonary tuberculosis.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Black men and black women had the highest incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and high odds of extrapulmonary disease among persons with tuberculosis. These data suggest that factors in addition to tuberculosis exposure contribute to extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk in blacks.</p> http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/10/16
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Lisa Kaltenbach
Warkentin Jon
Erin Holt
Griffin Marie R
Fiske Christina T
Arbogast Patrick G
Sterling Timothy R
spellingShingle Lisa Kaltenbach
Warkentin Jon
Erin Holt
Griffin Marie R
Fiske Christina T
Arbogast Patrick G
Sterling Timothy R
Black race, sex, and extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk: an observational study
BMC Infectious Diseases
author_facet Lisa Kaltenbach
Warkentin Jon
Erin Holt
Griffin Marie R
Fiske Christina T
Arbogast Patrick G
Sterling Timothy R
author_sort Lisa Kaltenbach
title Black race, sex, and extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk: an observational study
title_short Black race, sex, and extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk: an observational study
title_full Black race, sex, and extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk: an observational study
title_fullStr Black race, sex, and extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk: an observational study
title_full_unstemmed Black race, sex, and extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk: an observational study
title_sort black race, sex, and extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk: an observational study
publisher BMC
series BMC Infectious Diseases
issn 1471-2334
publishDate 2010-01-01
description <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is likely a marker of underlying immune compromise. Our objective was to determine race and sex differences in extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk in order to identify the optimal population in which to assess for host factors associated with extrapulmonary tuberculosis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We performed an observational study of all tuberculosis cases reported to the Tennessee Department of Health, January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2006. We compared the incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis by race and sex. We also examined risk factors associated with extrapulmonary disease among all persons with tuberculosis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Extrapulmonary tuberculosis incidence per 100,000 population was 5.93 in black men, 3.21 in black women, 1.01 in non-black men, and 0.58 in non-black women. Among those with tuberculosis, black women were most likely to have extrapulmonary disease (38.6%), followed by black men (28.1%), non-black women (24.6%) and non-black men (21.1%). In multivariate logistic regression among persons with tuberculosis, black women (OR 1.82 (95% CI 1.24-2.65), p = 0.002), black men (OR 1.54 (95% CI 1.13-2.09, p = 0.006), foreign birth (OR 1.55 (95% CI 1.12-2.14), p = 0.009), and HIV infection (OR 1.45 (95% CI 0.99-2.11), p = 0.06) were associated with extrapulmonary tuberculosis.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Black men and black women had the highest incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and high odds of extrapulmonary disease among persons with tuberculosis. These data suggest that factors in addition to tuberculosis exposure contribute to extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk in blacks.</p>
url http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/10/16
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