Working out and production technique of soil cultivating working tools

• Main Authors: Ya. P. Lobachevskiy, I. V. Liskin, S. A. Sidorov, D. A. Mironov, R. K. Kurbanov
• Format: Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: Federal Scientific Agroengineering Centre VIM 2016-08-01
• Series: Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии
• Subjects: лемех; долото; ресурс; упрочнение наплавкой; твердость почвы; износ лемеха; ploughshare; tine; resource; surface hardening; soil hardness; ploughshare wear
• Online Access: https://www.vimsmit.com/jour/article/view/139
• ISSN: 2073-7599; 2618-6748

Plow ploughshares of compound designs even more often appear to replace integral wedge-shaped ones. At the All-Russian research institute of mechanization of agriculture ploughshares with the bolt-on moving-forward tine are produced. The main material was the silicon manganic chromic steel. In the heat-treated state its ultimate resistance is more than 1580 MPa. A resource and reliability of a ploughshare are raised owing to increase in number of fixation holes for a tine from 2 to 4. The tine can be pushed forward in process of wear by bolts replacing with top on the lower holes in a tip. The curvilinear surface of front part of a ploughshare reduces a cutting angle in the direction from field to a furrow wall. A special stamp was designed and created. Its matrix and hob had surfaces of the set curvature. The detail heated to temperature of 900-920 degrees Celsius was stacked on a matrix, and the hob was pressed by means of a hydraulic press. Blades on a ploughshare body and on a tine were strengthened by hard alloy metal surfacing. The authors carried out a cycle of field tests in soil climatic conditions, the most characteristic for the central regions of the Russian Federation. Results of tests showed that on the soils optimum for plowing where the hardness of the soil did not exceed 2.5-3 MPa and the number of stony inclusions was minimum, the resource of test ploughshares by 2.5-2.8 times exceeded a resource of commercial ones and made 80-110 ha per a unit. On heavy clay and loamy soils, with the hardness up to 4 MPa and above, the resource of tast ploughshares reached 25-33 ha per a unit that also above commercial ones by 2.7-3.2 times which resource did not exceed 12-18 ha. On soils with quartz particles high content and stony inclusions breakages and deformation of ploughshares became the main reason for nonoperations. The mean life of an engineering prototypes made 8-10 ha per a ploughshare, at the commercial ones did not exceed 2.5 ha. Tests showed significant superiority of ploughshares with a bolt-on tine both on a resource, and on reliability.