ENVIRONMENTS WITH NATURAL OCCURRENCE OF Acrocomia aculeata AMBIENTES DE OCORRÊNCIA NATURAL DE MACAÚBA

• Main Authors: João Gaspar Farias, Juliano Queiroz Santana Rosa, José Garcia, Larissa Leandro Pires, Héria de Freitas Teles, Ronaldo Veloso Naves
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Universidade Federal de Goiás 2011-10-01
• Series: Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical
• Subjects: Acrocomia aculeata; Arecaceae; clima; fertilidade; solo.
• Online Access: http://www.revistas.ufg.br/index.php/pat/article/view/11851

&lt;p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span lang="en-US"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Acrocomia aculeata&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="en-US"&gt;, a palm tree common in the Brazilian Savannah region, has been increasingly drawing attention for its high fruit yield and several uses, such as food for humans, fodder, and oil source. The objective of this research was to characterize natural &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="en-US"&gt;&lt;em&gt;A. aculeata&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="en-US"&gt; environments in the central and southern Goiás State, Brazil. &lt;/span&gt;Ten areas, in seven municipalities (Santa Cruz de Goiás, São Miguel do Passa Quatro, São Francisco de Goiás, Paraúna, Jandaia, Indiara, and Jaraguá), were selected. &lt;span lang="en-US"&gt;Soil samples made up of ten subsamples were used for chemical and physical characterization of each area, and toposequences were briefly described and classified. Climatic data were obtained from the National Institute of Meteorology through climate normals. Descriptive statistics and correlations among soil fertility variables were calculated. Data showed that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="en-US"&gt;&lt;em&gt;A. aculeata&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="en-US"&gt; occurs in soils with more than 50% of base saturation, considered eutrophic, with medium to high fertility and high potassium levels. Its populations are present in areas with total annual rainfall of 1,300-1,700 mm and corrected annual average air temperature of 21.5-22.5ºC. Areas with a predominance of cambisols and neosols, with medium texture and in the convex slope, talus, and concave slope of the landscape presented higher plant density.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;<br>&lt;p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: none;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"&gt;&lt;span lang="pt-PT"&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: normal;"&gt;A macaúba (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: none;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"&gt;&lt;span lang="pt-PT"&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: normal;"&gt;Acrocomia aculeata&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: none;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"&gt;&lt;span lang="pt-PT"&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: normal;"&gt;), palmeira presente na região do Cerrado, tem despertado grande interesse, pela produção de frutos e sua &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: none;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"&gt;&lt;span lang="pt-BR"&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: normal;"&gt;utilidade alimentícia, forrageira e oleaginosa. Este trabalho objetivou caracterizar ambientes de ocorrência natural de macaúba, nas regiões centro e sul do Estado de Goiás. Para o estudo, selecionaram-se dez áreas, em sete municípios (Santa Cruz de Goiás, São Miguel do Passa Quatro, São Francisco de Goiás, Paraúna, Jandaia, Indiara e Jaraguá). Para a caracterização química e física do solo, trabalhou-se com uma amostra composta por dez subamostras por área, além da descrição da topossequência e de classificação sucinta. Os dados climáticos foram obtidos por meio das normais climatológicas do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritivas e correlações entre os dados de fertilidade do solo. De acordo com os resultados, a macaúba se desenvolve em solos com mais de 50% de saturação por bases, considerados eutróficos, de média a alta fertilidade e altos níveis de potássio. Populações da espécie ocorrem em áreas com precipitação total anual de 1.300-1.700 mm e temperatura média do ar anual corrigida de 21,5-22,5ºC. Áreas com predomínio de cambissolos e neossolos, com textura média, e as porções do declive convexo, tálus e declive côncavo da topossequência apresentam maior densidade de plantas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;