The Neuro Imaging Description of Giant Pituitary Adenomas Depending on Mechanical Factor

• Main Authors: Yu.M. Urmanova, K.B. Alimova
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Publishing House Zaslavsky 2016-05-01
• Series: Mìžnarodnij Endokrinologìčnij Žurnal
• Subjects: giant pituitary adenomas; diagnosis; clinical picture; complications
• Online Access: http://iej.zaslavsky.com.ua/article/view/77818
• ISSN: 2224-0721; 2307-1427

The research aim is to analyze of magnetically-resonance tomography data depending on the mechanical factor of giant pituitary adenomas. Materials and methods. Twenty-two adult patients with giant pituitary adenomas were observed during the period from 2015 to 2016 (men 50 %, aged 48.5 years old). The duration of disease varied from 2 months to 25 years. Results. Patients with endo-suprasellar growth of pituitary tumour had signs of chiasmal syndrome with bitemporal hemianopsia, initial or complete homonym hemianopsia, scotomas and others. Such variant of pituitary tumour growth was observed in 7 cases (31.8 %). 4.5 % patients with retro-sellar growth of pituitary tumour typically had violations caused by the growth of tumour into brainstem, that stipulated both the lesion of craniocerebral nerves and vegetative disorders, and also pyramid symptomatology (pathological reflexes, symptoms of oral automatism). Patients with the endo-laterosellar growth of tumour suffered from decline of sharpness of sight on one eye, one-sided headaches, lesion of oculomotorius. For 4.5 % patients with the endo-infrasellar growth of tumour violations of the nasal breathing and swallowing (odynophagia) were typical. Conclusions. The most expressed neuroendocrine, ophthalmology and pillar disorders were observed in patients with the total growth of tumor. The giant pituitary adenomas are often accompanied by an invasion growth into surrounding anatomic structures (69.2 %) that is a basic factor limiting radical operative intervention and increasing the number of relapses.