Blockchain based transactive energy systems for voltage regulation in active distribution networks

Transactive energy systems (TES) are modern mechanisms in electric power systems that allow disparate control agents to utilise distributed generation units to engage in energy transactions and provide ancillary services to the grid. Although voltage regulation is a crucial ancillary grid service wi...

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Main Authors: Shivam Saxena, Hany E.Z. Farag, Hjalmar Turesson, Henry Kim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2020-04-01
Series:IET Smart Grid
Subjects:
Online Access:https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-stg.2019.0286
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spelling doaj-655ae8a7125d448f80b18c9d949095e52021-04-02T18:14:49ZengWileyIET Smart Grid2515-29472020-04-0110.1049/iet-stg.2019.0286IET-STG.2019.0286Blockchain based transactive energy systems for voltage regulation in active distribution networksShivam Saxena0Hany E.Z. Farag1Hany E.Z. Farag2Hjalmar Turesson3Henry Kim4York UniversityYork UniversityYork UniversitySchulich School of Business, York UniversitySchulich School of Business, York UniversityTransactive energy systems (TES) are modern mechanisms in electric power systems that allow disparate control agents to utilise distributed generation units to engage in energy transactions and provide ancillary services to the grid. Although voltage regulation is a crucial ancillary grid service within active distribution networks (ADNs), previous work has not adequately explored how this service can be offered in terms of its incentivisation, contract auditability, and enforcement. Blockchain technology shows promise in being a key enabler of TES, allowing agents to engage in trustless, persistent transactions that are both enforceable and auditable. To that end, this study proposes a blockchain based TES that enables agents to receive incentives for providing voltage regulation services by (i) maintaining an auditable reputation rating for each agent that is increased proportionately with each mitigation of a voltage violation, (ii) utilising smart contracts to enforce the validity of each transaction and penalise reputation ratings in case of a mitigation failure, and (iii) automating the negotiation and bidding of agent services by implementing the contract net protocol as a smart contract. Experimental results on both simulated and real-world ADNs are executed to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed system.https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-stg.2019.0286voltage controldistribution networksdistributed power generationpower gridsprotocolssmart power gridsmulti-agent systemsgrid computingpower distribution controlcontractsagent servicescontract net protocolsmart contractblockchain based transactive energy systemsactive distribution networksmodern mechanismselectric power systemsdisparate control agentsdistributed generation unitsenergy transactionsancillary servicescrucial ancillary grid servicecontract auditabilityblockchain technologytrustless transactionspersistent transactionsblockchain based tesvoltage regulation servicesauditable reputation ratingvoltage violationpenalise reputation ratings
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Shivam Saxena
Hany E.Z. Farag
Hany E.Z. Farag
Hjalmar Turesson
Henry Kim
spellingShingle Shivam Saxena
Hany E.Z. Farag
Hany E.Z. Farag
Hjalmar Turesson
Henry Kim
Blockchain based transactive energy systems for voltage regulation in active distribution networks
IET Smart Grid
voltage control
distribution networks
distributed power generation
power grids
protocols
smart power grids
multi-agent systems
grid computing
power distribution control
contracts
agent services
contract net protocol
smart contract
blockchain based transactive energy systems
active distribution networks
modern mechanisms
electric power systems
disparate control agents
distributed generation units
energy transactions
ancillary services
crucial ancillary grid service
contract auditability
blockchain technology
trustless transactions
persistent transactions
blockchain based tes
voltage regulation services
auditable reputation rating
voltage violation
penalise reputation ratings
author_facet Shivam Saxena
Hany E.Z. Farag
Hany E.Z. Farag
Hjalmar Turesson
Henry Kim
author_sort Shivam Saxena
title Blockchain based transactive energy systems for voltage regulation in active distribution networks
title_short Blockchain based transactive energy systems for voltage regulation in active distribution networks
title_full Blockchain based transactive energy systems for voltage regulation in active distribution networks
title_fullStr Blockchain based transactive energy systems for voltage regulation in active distribution networks
title_full_unstemmed Blockchain based transactive energy systems for voltage regulation in active distribution networks
title_sort blockchain based transactive energy systems for voltage regulation in active distribution networks
publisher Wiley
series IET Smart Grid
issn 2515-2947
publishDate 2020-04-01
description Transactive energy systems (TES) are modern mechanisms in electric power systems that allow disparate control agents to utilise distributed generation units to engage in energy transactions and provide ancillary services to the grid. Although voltage regulation is a crucial ancillary grid service within active distribution networks (ADNs), previous work has not adequately explored how this service can be offered in terms of its incentivisation, contract auditability, and enforcement. Blockchain technology shows promise in being a key enabler of TES, allowing agents to engage in trustless, persistent transactions that are both enforceable and auditable. To that end, this study proposes a blockchain based TES that enables agents to receive incentives for providing voltage regulation services by (i) maintaining an auditable reputation rating for each agent that is increased proportionately with each mitigation of a voltage violation, (ii) utilising smart contracts to enforce the validity of each transaction and penalise reputation ratings in case of a mitigation failure, and (iii) automating the negotiation and bidding of agent services by implementing the contract net protocol as a smart contract. Experimental results on both simulated and real-world ADNs are executed to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed system.
topic voltage control
distribution networks
distributed power generation
power grids
protocols
smart power grids
multi-agent systems
grid computing
power distribution control
contracts
agent services
contract net protocol
smart contract
blockchain based transactive energy systems
active distribution networks
modern mechanisms
electric power systems
disparate control agents
distributed generation units
energy transactions
ancillary services
crucial ancillary grid service
contract auditability
blockchain technology
trustless transactions
persistent transactions
blockchain based tes
voltage regulation services
auditable reputation rating
voltage violation
penalise reputation ratings
url https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-stg.2019.0286
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