Physical Exercise for Individuals with Hypertension: It Is Time to Emphasize its Benefits on the Brain and Cognition
Hypertension affects more than 40% of adults worldwide and is associated with stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and other cardiovascular diseases. It has also been shown to cause severe functional and structural damage to the brain, leading to cognitive impairment and dementia. Furthermo...
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doaj-64c379433f4a47c4a4dc1cb11753e42b2020-11-25T03:16:34ZengSAGE PublishingClinical Medicine Insights: Cardiology1179-54682019-03-011310.1177/1179546819839411Physical Exercise for Individuals with Hypertension: It Is Time to Emphasize its Benefits on the Brain and CognitionMaria LM Rêgo0Daniel AR Cabral1Eduardo C Costa2Eduardo B Fontes3NEUROEX-Research Group in Physical Activity, Cognition and Behavior, Health Science Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, BrazilNEUROEX-Research Group in Physical Activity, Cognition and Behavior, Health Science Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, BrazilGPEACE-Research Group on Acute and Chronic Effects of Exercise, Health Science Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, BrazilNEUROEX-Research Group in Physical Activity, Cognition and Behavior, Health Science Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, BrazilHypertension affects more than 40% of adults worldwide and is associated with stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and other cardiovascular diseases. It has also been shown to cause severe functional and structural damage to the brain, leading to cognitive impairment and dementia. Furthermore, it is believed that these cognitive impairments affect the mental ability to maintain productivity at work, ultimately causing social and economic problems. Because hypertension is a chronic condition that requires clinical treatment, strategies with fewer side effects and less-invasive procedures are needed. Physical exercise (PE) has proven to be an efficient and complementary tool for hypertension management, and its peripheral benefits have been widely supported by related studies. However, few studies have specifically examined the potential positive effects of PE on the brain in hypertensive individuals. This narrative review discusses the pathophysiological mechanisms that hypertension promotes in the brain, and suggests PE as an important tool to prevent and reduce cognitive damage caused by hypertension. We also provide PE recommendations for hypertensive individuals, as well as suggestions for promoting PE as a method for increasing cognitive abilities in the brain, particularly for hypertensive individuals.https://doi.org/10.1177/1179546819839411 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Maria LM Rêgo Daniel AR Cabral Eduardo C Costa Eduardo B Fontes |
spellingShingle |
Maria LM Rêgo Daniel AR Cabral Eduardo C Costa Eduardo B Fontes Physical Exercise for Individuals with Hypertension: It Is Time to Emphasize its Benefits on the Brain and Cognition Clinical Medicine Insights: Cardiology |
author_facet |
Maria LM Rêgo Daniel AR Cabral Eduardo C Costa Eduardo B Fontes |
author_sort |
Maria LM Rêgo |
title |
Physical Exercise for Individuals with Hypertension: It Is Time to Emphasize its Benefits on the Brain and Cognition |
title_short |
Physical Exercise for Individuals with Hypertension: It Is Time to Emphasize its Benefits on the Brain and Cognition |
title_full |
Physical Exercise for Individuals with Hypertension: It Is Time to Emphasize its Benefits on the Brain and Cognition |
title_fullStr |
Physical Exercise for Individuals with Hypertension: It Is Time to Emphasize its Benefits on the Brain and Cognition |
title_full_unstemmed |
Physical Exercise for Individuals with Hypertension: It Is Time to Emphasize its Benefits on the Brain and Cognition |
title_sort |
physical exercise for individuals with hypertension: it is time to emphasize its benefits on the brain and cognition |
publisher |
SAGE Publishing |
series |
Clinical Medicine Insights: Cardiology |
issn |
1179-5468 |
publishDate |
2019-03-01 |
description |
Hypertension affects more than 40% of adults worldwide and is associated with stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and other cardiovascular diseases. It has also been shown to cause severe functional and structural damage to the brain, leading to cognitive impairment and dementia. Furthermore, it is believed that these cognitive impairments affect the mental ability to maintain productivity at work, ultimately causing social and economic problems. Because hypertension is a chronic condition that requires clinical treatment, strategies with fewer side effects and less-invasive procedures are needed. Physical exercise (PE) has proven to be an efficient and complementary tool for hypertension management, and its peripheral benefits have been widely supported by related studies. However, few studies have specifically examined the potential positive effects of PE on the brain in hypertensive individuals. This narrative review discusses the pathophysiological mechanisms that hypertension promotes in the brain, and suggests PE as an important tool to prevent and reduce cognitive damage caused by hypertension. We also provide PE recommendations for hypertensive individuals, as well as suggestions for promoting PE as a method for increasing cognitive abilities in the brain, particularly for hypertensive individuals. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1177/1179546819839411 |
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