Fine-tuning of substrate preferences of the Src-family kinase Lck revealed through a high-throughput specificity screen

• Main Authors: Neel H Shah, Mark Löbel, Arthur Weiss, John Kuriyan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: eLife Sciences Publications Ltd 2018-03-01
• Series: eLife
• Subjects: tyrosine kinase; T cell; substrate specificity
• Online Access: https://elifesciences.org/articles/35190

The specificity of tyrosine kinases is attributed predominantly to localization effects dictated by non-catalytic domains. We developed a method to profile the specificities of tyrosine kinases by combining bacterial surface-display of peptide libraries with next-generation sequencing. Using this, we showed that the tyrosine kinase ZAP-70, which is critical for T cell signaling, discriminates substrates through an electrostatic selection mechanism encoded within its catalytic domain (Shah et al., 2016). Here, we expand this high-throughput platform to analyze the intrinsic specificity of any tyrosine kinase domain against thousands of peptides derived from human tyrosine phosphorylation sites. Using this approach, we find a difference in the electrostatic recognition of substrates between the closely related Src-family kinases Lck and c-Src. This divergence likely reflects the specialization of Lck to act in concert with ZAP-70 in T cell signaling. These results point to the importance of direct recognition at the kinase active site in fine-tuning specificity.