| Summary: | This text talks about the history of forced displacement of the Avá Guarani people in the southern triple border, especially in western Paraná, caused by conservation projects, economic enterprises and territorial expansion, and by dictatorial regimes which expropriated traditional populations, indigenous and rural of their homelands. On the one hand, it is proposed contextualize historically the current social and political situation of the indigenous peoples in the region, and on the other, the forms of struggle and resistance articulated by the indigenous movements. From this local context, is possible to broaden the discussion about to the territorial, economic and political conditions of the indigenous peoples for the all country, especially in border areas, questioning not only the relationship with the national state and civil society, but also the environmental policies and guardianship of the various actors involved, examining the political and ethnic clashes with the surrounding society and with the own Anthropology, which has also been challenged to think and relate to a new indigenous protagonism. The indigenous movement has sought act not only in the political spaces and government, but also in the academic spheres and the media.
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