A Multiobjective Model for Analysis of the Relationships between Military Expenditures, Security, and Human Development in NATO Countries

• Main Authors: Patricio Vallejo-Rosero, M. Carmen García-Centeno, Laura Delgado-Antequera, Osvaldo Fosado, Rafael Caballero
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-12-01
• Series: Mathematics
• Subjects: multiobjective; panel data models; military expenditures; development; peace
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/1/23

The aim of this work is to design a multiobjective model to explain the behavior among military expenditures (MEs), the human development index, and the global peace index in countries belonging to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) for the study period 2008–2016. In order to solve this problem, different decision variables have been considered: health expenditure, education expenditure, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), collected taxes, public debt, and R&D costs, which are related to health, education, and economic sectors. To determine the relationships among decision variables making up the objective functions and model constraints, different panel data models were estimated. The obtained results show that the major part of the NATO countries present a behavior which differs from what is efficient. In this context, this work highlights the path to follow by each country, such as the implementation of public budget policies in the health and education sectors, and for collected taxes and public debt, to achieve efficient solutions.