| Summary: | The market of the organic raw materials and products develop and grow dynamically. It stimulates the development of agrarian science in the direction of the researches of organic farming, organic growing technologies for agricultural production. Consequently, the study of peculiarities of cultivating the sorts of winter rye in conditions of organic production is relevant and necessary.
The purpose of our study was to examine the productivity of winter rye varieties of different ecological and geographical origin under organic cultivation technology for their further introduction into production and use in the selection process.
The organic cultivation technology included treatment of seeds with a mixture of preparations Agat-25K, PA (0.04 kg/t) Ekostim-1, RK (0.05 l/t). At the 21st stage of the development, there was foliar fertilizing with Ekostim-1, RK (0.05 l/ha); and at the 30th there was spraying of crops with Agat-25K, PA (0.03 kg/ha).
According to the results of the study, it was found out that varietal characteristics influence the formation of the main indicators of the structure of winter rye harvest. The height of the plants of the Intensynve 99 and Levitan varieties was higher by 74.7 and 82.3 cm, respectively, compared to the standard Khlibne variety. The spike length of winter rye varieties Levitan, Siverske, Intensyvne 99 exceeded the standard by 5, 2.3, 0.6 cm, respectively. The number of grains in the spike did not exceed 54.7 pcs. Weight of 1000 grains of winter rye varieties Kobza, Levitan, Intensyvne 99, Siverske exceeded the indicator of the standard Khlibne variety by 2.4-5.2 g. It was the highest with the Siverske (39.7 g) and Intensyvne (38.1 g) varieties. The number of productive stems varied from 490.3 to 515.4 pcs/m2.
It was found out that the soil and climatic conditions of the Ukrainian Polissia are favorable for cultivation of winter rye under organic production. The maximum realization of productivity of winter rye varieties was provided by Siverske (2.36 t/ha) and Intensyvne 99 (2.24 t/ha), which showed grain yield increase at the level of 0.33 and 0.21 t/ha or 16.3 and 10.3%, respectively, compared to the standard Khlibne variety. Therefore, we recommend farmers to grow these varieties of winter rye in the Ukrainian Polissia.
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