Use of Cold Atmospheric Plasma to Detoxify Hazelnuts from Aflatoxins

Aflatoxins, produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, can contaminate different foodstuffs, such as nuts. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma has the potential to be used for mycotoxin detoxification. In this study, the operating parameters of cold atmospheric pressure plasma were optimized to...

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Main Authors: Ilenia Siciliano, Davide Spadaro, Ambra Prelle, Dario Vallauri, Maria Chiara Cavallero, Angelo Garibaldi, Maria Lodovica Gullino
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2016-04-01
Series:Toxins
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/5/125
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spelling doaj-60c74f1d599244d89892a518bded4dde2020-11-24T23:41:26ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512016-04-018512510.3390/toxins8050125toxins8050125Use of Cold Atmospheric Plasma to Detoxify Hazelnuts from AflatoxinsIlenia Siciliano0Davide Spadaro1Ambra Prelle2Dario Vallauri3Maria Chiara Cavallero4Angelo Garibaldi5Maria Lodovica Gullino6Agroinnova—Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2 Grugliasco, Turin 10095, ItalyAgroinnova—Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2 Grugliasco, Turin 10095, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Forest and Food Science (DISAFA), University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2 Grugliasco, Turin 10095, ItalyTecnogranda SpA, Via G.B. Conte, 19 Dronero, Cuneo 12025, ItalyTecnogranda SpA, Via G.B. Conte, 19 Dronero, Cuneo 12025, ItalyAgroinnova—Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2 Grugliasco, Turin 10095, ItalyAgroinnova—Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2 Grugliasco, Turin 10095, ItalyAflatoxins, produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, can contaminate different foodstuffs, such as nuts. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma has the potential to be used for mycotoxin detoxification. In this study, the operating parameters of cold atmospheric pressure plasma were optimized to reduce the presence of aflatoxins on dehulled hazelnuts. First, the effect of different gases was tested (N2, 0.1% O2 and 1% O2, 21% O2), then power (400, 700, 1000, 1150 W) and exposure time (1, 2, 4, and 12 min) were optimized. In preliminary tests on aflatoxin standard solutions, this method allowed to obtain a complete detoxification using a high power for a few minutes. On hazelnuts, in similar conditions (1000 W, 12 min), a reduction in the concentration of total aflatoxins and AFB1 of over 70% was obtained. Aflatoxins B1 and G1 were more sensitive to plasma treatments compared to aflatoxins B2 and G2, respectively. Under plasma treatment, aflatoxin B1 was more sensitive compared to aflatoxin G1. At the highest power, and for the longest time, the maximum temperature increment was 28.9 °C. Cold atmospheric plasma has the potential to be a promising method for aflatoxin detoxification on food, because it is effective and it could help to maintain the organoleptic characteristics.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/5/125aflatoxinscold atmospheric pressure plasmadetoxificationhazelnutnitrogennutstemperaturetime
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Ilenia Siciliano
Davide Spadaro
Ambra Prelle
Dario Vallauri
Maria Chiara Cavallero
Angelo Garibaldi
Maria Lodovica Gullino
spellingShingle Ilenia Siciliano
Davide Spadaro
Ambra Prelle
Dario Vallauri
Maria Chiara Cavallero
Angelo Garibaldi
Maria Lodovica Gullino
Use of Cold Atmospheric Plasma to Detoxify Hazelnuts from Aflatoxins
Toxins
aflatoxins
cold atmospheric pressure plasma
detoxification
hazelnut
nitrogen
nuts
temperature
time
author_facet Ilenia Siciliano
Davide Spadaro
Ambra Prelle
Dario Vallauri
Maria Chiara Cavallero
Angelo Garibaldi
Maria Lodovica Gullino
author_sort Ilenia Siciliano
title Use of Cold Atmospheric Plasma to Detoxify Hazelnuts from Aflatoxins
title_short Use of Cold Atmospheric Plasma to Detoxify Hazelnuts from Aflatoxins
title_full Use of Cold Atmospheric Plasma to Detoxify Hazelnuts from Aflatoxins
title_fullStr Use of Cold Atmospheric Plasma to Detoxify Hazelnuts from Aflatoxins
title_full_unstemmed Use of Cold Atmospheric Plasma to Detoxify Hazelnuts from Aflatoxins
title_sort use of cold atmospheric plasma to detoxify hazelnuts from aflatoxins
publisher MDPI AG
series Toxins
issn 2072-6651
publishDate 2016-04-01
description Aflatoxins, produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, can contaminate different foodstuffs, such as nuts. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma has the potential to be used for mycotoxin detoxification. In this study, the operating parameters of cold atmospheric pressure plasma were optimized to reduce the presence of aflatoxins on dehulled hazelnuts. First, the effect of different gases was tested (N2, 0.1% O2 and 1% O2, 21% O2), then power (400, 700, 1000, 1150 W) and exposure time (1, 2, 4, and 12 min) were optimized. In preliminary tests on aflatoxin standard solutions, this method allowed to obtain a complete detoxification using a high power for a few minutes. On hazelnuts, in similar conditions (1000 W, 12 min), a reduction in the concentration of total aflatoxins and AFB1 of over 70% was obtained. Aflatoxins B1 and G1 were more sensitive to plasma treatments compared to aflatoxins B2 and G2, respectively. Under plasma treatment, aflatoxin B1 was more sensitive compared to aflatoxin G1. At the highest power, and for the longest time, the maximum temperature increment was 28.9 °C. Cold atmospheric plasma has the potential to be a promising method for aflatoxin detoxification on food, because it is effective and it could help to maintain the organoleptic characteristics.
topic aflatoxins
cold atmospheric pressure plasma
detoxification
hazelnut
nitrogen
nuts
temperature
time
url http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/5/125
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