Application of a hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer for characterizing PM emissions in exhaust plumes from an aircraft engine burning conventional and alternative fuels
<p>In the last several decades, significant efforts have been directed toward better understanding the gaseous and particulate matter (PM) emissions from aircraft gas turbine engines. However, limited information is available on the hygroscopic properties of aircraft engine PM emissions which...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/18/17029/2018/acp-18-17029-2018.pdf |
| Summary: | <p>In the last several decades, significant efforts have been directed toward
better understanding the gaseous and particulate matter (PM) emissions from
aircraft gas turbine engines. However, limited information is available on
the hygroscopic properties of aircraft engine PM emissions which play an
important role in the water absorption, airborne lifetime, obscuring effect,
and detrimental health effects of these particles. This paper reports the
description and detailed lab-based performance evaluation of a robust
hygroscopicity tandem differential
mobility analyzer (HTDMA) in terms of hygroscopic properties such as growth
factor (GF) and the hygroscopicity parameter (<span class="inline-formula"><i>κ</i></span>). The HTDMA system was
subsequently deployed during the Alternative Aviation Fuel
EXperiment (AAFEX) II field campaign to measure the hygroscopic properties of
aircraft engine PM emissions in the exhaust plumes from a CFM56-2C1 engine
burning several types of fuels. The fuels used were conventional JP-8,
tallow-based hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA), Fischer–Tropsch,
a blend of HEFA and JP-8, and Fischer–Tropsch doped with tetrahydrothiophene
(an organosulfur compound). It was observed that GF and <span class="inline-formula"><i>κ</i></span> increased
with fuel sulfur content and engine thrust condition, and decreased with
increasing dry particle diameter. The highest GF and <span class="inline-formula"><i>κ</i></span> values were
found in the smallest particles, typically those with diameters of 10 nm.</p> |
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| ISSN: | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |