The Essence and Specificity of European Standard R128 Implementation on Television and in Radio Broadcasting

• Main Authors: Anatolii Ananiev, Ihor Barba, Serafym Zheliezniak
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: KNUKiM Publishing Centre 2018-06-01
• Series: Вісник Київського національного університету культури і мистецтв. Серія: Аудіовізуальне мистецтво і виробництво
• Subjects: звукорежисер; стандарт r128; телебачення; радіо; гучність програми; loudness units; ebu; itu-r
• Online Access: http://audiovisual-art.knukim.edu.ua/article/view/146005

Main objective of the study is to reveal the features of the R128 standard and indicate its significance for solving artistic issues of the sound mixer on the television and radio. Research methodology. To accomplish this goal, the following methods were used: analysis and synthesis – to isolate certain parts of the general problem, study them and construct a complete picture of the subject of the study; a complex approach for the holistic and versatile coverage of the topic, in particular, from the point of view of the sound worker’s practice and the role of the subject matter of the article in it, and from the point of view of the acoustic features that form the basis of the standard R128, their influence on the work of the sound mixer; historical method – to characterize the development of methods for measuring the audio signal. Scientific novelty. In domestic science, for the first time, a thorough analysis of the essence of the recently published European R128 standard for television, radio broadcasting have conducted, which normalizes the list of sound characteristics, among which the average sound level, or the volume of the program, as the authors of the standard note; under a new angle of view the peculiarities of its functioning based on the general laws of acoustics, and the specifics of the introduction of the standard, the role in the creative work of the sound mixer when creating soundtracks for television films and programs are revealed. Results and conclusions. This work describes the list of details related to the implementation of the recommendations of R128, which were developed to measure the level of sound recording for television and radio broadcasting. The latest research and publications related to the R128 standard, which provide some information about it, are analyzed. The preconditions of the appearance of the specified standard are considered, the characteristics of various types of measuring instruments used earlier are presented, their influence on the creation of a sound track for television films and shows is underlined, substantiating by examples from practice. Also examples of shortcomings in the measurement of sound on television, radio and cinema, which have taken place so far is given in this work. The article shows the main characteristics of the R128 standard, their connection with human perception and psychoacoustic factors.