Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of Cladded AISI 1045 Carbon Steel

This study introduces a newly developed cladding device, through printing AISI 1045 carbon steel as single and double layers onto American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) H13 tool steel plate. In this study, the mechanical and tribological characteristics of single and double layers were ex...

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Main Authors: Ruslan Karimbaev, Seimi Choi, Young-Sik Pyun, Auezhan Amanov
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-02-01
Series:Materials
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/4/859
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spelling doaj-5e7344472e5148368276aea0f71059342020-11-25T03:32:39ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-02-0113485910.3390/ma13040859ma13040859Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of Cladded AISI 1045 Carbon SteelRuslan Karimbaev0Seimi Choi1Young-Sik Pyun2Auezhan Amanov3Department of Fusion Science and Technology, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, KoreaDepartment of Fusion Science and Technology, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, KoreaDepartment of Fusion Science and Technology, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, KoreaDepartment of Fusion Science and Technology, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, KoreaThis study introduces a newly developed cladding device, through printing AISI 1045 carbon steel as single and double layers onto American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) H13 tool steel plate. In this study, the mechanical and tribological characteristics of single and double layers were experimentally investigated. Both layers were polished first and then subjected to ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) treatment to improve the mechanical and tribological characteristics. Surface roughness, surface hardness and depth profile measurements, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the polished and UNSM-treated layers were carried out. After tribological tests, the wear tracks of both layers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) along with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The surface roughness (R<sub>a</sub> and R<sub>z</sub>) of the single and double UNSM-treated layers was reduced 74.6% and 85.9% compared to those of both the as-received layers, respectively. In addition, the surface hardness of the single and double layers was dramatically increased, by approximately 23.6% and 23.4% after UNSM treatment, respectively. There was no significant reduction in friction coefficient of both the UNSM-treated layers, but the wear resistance of the single and double UNSM-treated layers was enhanced by approximately 9.4% and 19.3% compared to the single and double polished layers, respectively. It can be concluded that UNSM treatment was capable of improving the mechanical and tribological characteristics of both layers. The newly developed cladding device can be used as an alternative additive manufacturing (AM) method, but efforts and upgrades need to progress in order to increase the productivity of the device and also improve the quality of the layers.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/4/859aisi 1045 carbon steelroughnesshardnesstribologyadditive manufacturingultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Ruslan Karimbaev
Seimi Choi
Young-Sik Pyun
Auezhan Amanov
spellingShingle Ruslan Karimbaev
Seimi Choi
Young-Sik Pyun
Auezhan Amanov
Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of Cladded AISI 1045 Carbon Steel
Materials
aisi 1045 carbon steel
roughness
hardness
tribology
additive manufacturing
ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification
author_facet Ruslan Karimbaev
Seimi Choi
Young-Sik Pyun
Auezhan Amanov
author_sort Ruslan Karimbaev
title Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of Cladded AISI 1045 Carbon Steel
title_short Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of Cladded AISI 1045 Carbon Steel
title_full Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of Cladded AISI 1045 Carbon Steel
title_fullStr Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of Cladded AISI 1045 Carbon Steel
title_full_unstemmed Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of Cladded AISI 1045 Carbon Steel
title_sort mechanical and tribological characteristics of cladded aisi 1045 carbon steel
publisher MDPI AG
series Materials
issn 1996-1944
publishDate 2020-02-01
description This study introduces a newly developed cladding device, through printing AISI 1045 carbon steel as single and double layers onto American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) H13 tool steel plate. In this study, the mechanical and tribological characteristics of single and double layers were experimentally investigated. Both layers were polished first and then subjected to ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) treatment to improve the mechanical and tribological characteristics. Surface roughness, surface hardness and depth profile measurements, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the polished and UNSM-treated layers were carried out. After tribological tests, the wear tracks of both layers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) along with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The surface roughness (R<sub>a</sub> and R<sub>z</sub>) of the single and double UNSM-treated layers was reduced 74.6% and 85.9% compared to those of both the as-received layers, respectively. In addition, the surface hardness of the single and double layers was dramatically increased, by approximately 23.6% and 23.4% after UNSM treatment, respectively. There was no significant reduction in friction coefficient of both the UNSM-treated layers, but the wear resistance of the single and double UNSM-treated layers was enhanced by approximately 9.4% and 19.3% compared to the single and double polished layers, respectively. It can be concluded that UNSM treatment was capable of improving the mechanical and tribological characteristics of both layers. The newly developed cladding device can be used as an alternative additive manufacturing (AM) method, but efforts and upgrades need to progress in order to increase the productivity of the device and also improve the quality of the layers.
topic aisi 1045 carbon steel
roughness
hardness
tribology
additive manufacturing
ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/4/859
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