| Summary: | In recent years, fact-checking has become an extremely important activity in journalism as a result of the increased circulation of fake news and the ease with which it can be disseminated on platforms like social networks. This study analyses the structure, composition and operation of independent fact-checking platforms in Spain and Italy. To this end, three different qualitative techniques have been used: the case study technique applied to each initiative, in-depth semi-structured interviews with its co-founders or managers, and website content analysis. This triangulation of techniques has allowed us to draw conclusions and provide examples of relevance to the research. The results reveal that the projects have a large community of followers on social networks, a multidisciplinary team of staff engaged mainly in checking political statements and information circulating on the Internet, and a business model that differs substantially from the conventional model in journalism.
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